heart Flashcards
mediastinum
space with heart, trachea, esophagus, connective tissue
pericardium
double walled pericardial sac
medical conditions of the pericardium
pericarditis
cardiac tamponade
cardiac tamponade
cardiac stress from fluid volume accumulated in pericardial sac
layers of the heart wall
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
chambers of the heart
atria
ventricles
atria
receiving chambers of the heart
what seperates the left and right atrium
the atrial septum
depression in the septal wall
fossa ovalis
what happens to the foramen ovale
the foramen ovale allows some blood to bypass the trip to the lungs by flowing through the atrial septum. closes at birth
atrial septal defect
ASD is common birth defect where foramen remains partially open
what seperates left and right ventricles
interventricular septum
ventricular septal defect
VSD - serious birth defect that mixes blood of low o2 content into blood pushed out to oxygenate the body tissues
pathway of blood through heart
pulmonary circuit
systemic circuit
pulmonary circuit
vessels sending deoxygenated blood from rt heart to the lungs for gas exchange and then taking it back to the lt side of the heart
systemic circuit
vessels delivering blood from lt side of heart to the tissues and returning the deoxygenated blood back to rt side of the heart
coronary arteries
left coronary artery
right coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery
left coronary artery
left anterior descending artery (LAD)
circumflex artery
right coronary artery
right marginal artery
what does the left coronary artery supply
supplies the anterior ventricular walla and interventricular septum
what does circumflex artery supply
supplies the left atrium and posterior ventricular walld
what does posterior interventricular artery supply
feeds posterior interventricular walls and then forms an anastomosis (junction) with the anterior interventricular artery
cardiac veins
great cardiac (anterior) middle cardiac (posterior)
what do cardiac veins supply
collect blood delivered by the coronary arteries and deliver it back to the rt atrium via the coranary sinus
anaerobic respiration
glucose -> in cytoplasm yeilds 2 ATP + lactic acid
aerobic respiration
o2 + glucose -> in mitochondria yeilds o2+co2+ 36 ATP
angina pectoris
heaviness and or pain in the chest
possible cause of agina
inability to deliver nutrients to cardiac cells because of atherosclerotic plaque blocks coranary arteries causing accumulation of lactic acid
if delivered o2 is adequate for energy needs
aerobic respiration
if o2 is not adequate for energy needs
anaerobic respiration
treatments for myocardial infarction
vasodilator
angiplasty with stents
coronary bypass
clot busting enzymes such as T-pa
heart valves and structures
atrioventricular valves
semilunar valves
atrioventricular valves
tricuspid valves
mitral valve
papillary muscles
chordae tendenae
semilunar valves
aortic valve
pulmonary valve
