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A&P II > cardiovascular blood > Flashcards

cardiovascular blood Flashcards

1
Q

functions of blood

A

transport
maintenance
protection

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2
Q

what does blood transport

A

gases, nutrients, waste molecules, processed molecules

regulatory molecules

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3
Q

maintenance of

A

circulatory fluid volume
pH
body temperature

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4
Q

components of blood

A

plasma

formed elements

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5
Q

how much is plasma in the blood

A

> 90% H2O

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6
Q

3 fluid compartments of the body

A

intracellular
interstitial space
plasma

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7
Q

3 primary forms in the plasma

A

albumin
globulins
fibrinogen

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8
Q

albumin

A

helps maintain osmotic gradient

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9
Q

globulins

A

antibody building material

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10
Q

fibrinogen

A

blood clotting

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11
Q

formed elements

A

white blood cells
red blood cells
platelets

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12
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in fetus

A

liver and spleen

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13
Q

hemopoiesis

A

blood cell formation

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14
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in child

A

bone marrow

lymphoid tissue

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15
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in adult

A

proximal femur and humerus

pelvis, ribs, sternum

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16
Q

aplastic anemia

A

decreased marrow production of cell lines can result from disease, exposure to chemicals, radiation or bacterial toxins

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17
Q

hemocytoblast

A

most immature type of formed elements
shouldnt be found in blood
differentiate as they mature

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18
Q

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

A

determine viscosity and O2 carrying capacity of blood

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19
Q

range of rbcs for female and male

A

male - 4.6-6.2 mill

females - 4.2-5.4 mill

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20
Q

hemolysis

A

lysis and destruction of rbcs

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21
Q

normal form of RBC

A

biconcave disk with no nucleus

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22
Q

hemoglobin

A

heme pigment with Fe + globulin protein

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23
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

Hb+O2

bright red blood color

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24
Q

deoxyhemoglobin

A

hb - O2

darker blood

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25
Q

Hb+CO2

A

only 20% of all CO2 is carried on hemoglobin

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26
Q

Hb+CO

A

carbon monoxide

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27
Q

anemia

A

decreased amount of hemoglobin

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28
Q

erythropoiesis

A

erythrocyte production

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29
Q

regulation of erythropeisis

A

EPO increase rbc count by stimulation hemopoiesis

30
Q

EPO

A

erythropoietin

31
Q

EPO cycle

A

decrease o2 detected in kidneys, EPO release, increase rbc production in marrow which increase o2 carrying capacity, signals kidney to decrease EPO

32
Q

functions of blood

A

transport
maintenance
protection

33
Q

what does blood transport

A

gases, nutrients, waste molecules, processed molecules

regulatory molecules

34
Q

maintenance of

A

circulatory fluid volume
pH
body temperature

35
Q

components of blood

A

plasma

formed elements

36
Q

how much is plasma in the blood

A

> 90% H2O

37
Q

3 fluid compartments of the body

A

intracellular
interstitial space
plasma

38
Q

3 primary forms in the plasma

A

albumin
globulins
fibrinogen

39
Q

albumin

A

helps maintain osmotic gradient

40
Q

globulins

A

antibody building material

41
Q

fibrinogen

A

blood clotting

42
Q

formed elements

A

white blood cells
red blood cells
platelets

43
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in fetus

A

liver and spleen

44
Q

hemopoiesis

A

blood cell formation

45
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in child

A

bone marrow

lymphoid tissue

46
Q

sites of hemopoiesis in adult

A

proximal femur and humerus

pelvis, ribs, sternum

47
Q

aplastic anemia

A

decreased marrow production of cell lines can result from disease, exposure to chemicals, radiation or bacterial toxins

48
Q

hemocytoblast

A

most immature type of formed elements
shouldnt be found in blood
differentiate as they mature

49
Q

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

A

determine viscosity and O2 carrying capacity of blood

50
Q

range of rbcs for female and male

A

male - 4.6-6.2 mill

females - 4.2-5.4 mill

51
Q

hemolysis

A

lysis and destruction of rbcs

52
Q

normal form of RBC

A

biconcave disk with no nucleus

53
Q

hemoglobin

A

heme pigment with Fe + globulin protein

54
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

Hb+O2

bright red blood color

55
Q

deoxyhemoglobin

A

hb - O2

darker blood

56
Q

Hb+CO2

A

only 20% of all CO2 is carried on hemoglobin

57
Q

Hb+CO

A

carbon monoxide

58
Q

anemia

A

decreased amount of hemoglobin

59
Q

erythropoiesis

A

erythrocyte production

60
Q

regulation of erythropeisis

A

EPO increase rbc count by stimulation hemopoiesis

61
Q

EPO

A

erythropoietin

62
Q

EPO cycle

A

decrease o2 detected in kidneys, EPO release, increase rbc production in marrow which increase o2 carrying capacity, signals kidney to decrease EPO

63
Q

the recycling of RBCs

A 
macrophages use lysozymes on hb
globin broken into amino acids
Fe++ transported by transferrin
non-iron remainder of heme converted to bilirubin
removed in urine and feces
64
Q

life span of rbc

A

90-120 days

65
Q

function of bilirubin

A

darkens stool

gives urine color

66
Q

jaundice

A

yellowed appearance to skin and sclera

67
Q

causes of jaundice

A

liver is not processing free bilirubin from blood

sudden hemolysis of rbcs can overload the removal system with bilirubin

68
Q

hemorrhagic anemia

A

result from blood loss either from trauma or medical conditions

69
Q

hemolytic anermia

A

rupture prematurely. hemoglobin abnormalities, mismatched transfuion or infections

70
Q

aplastic anemia

A

destruction or inhibition of red marrow by drugs or chemicals

A&P II (8 decks)

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