- outer layer of heart - serous membrane - closest to the pericardium

- middle layer - muscular tissue of the heart

- this smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers - forms surface of valves - touches blood

Heart Flashcards by Kaiya Lee

Location

Thorax, within the mediastinum slightly left of midline, apex pointed down and left

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fibrous pericardium

Outer layer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Serous pericardium

(Clear) inner layer
Double layer: parietal and visceral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epicardium

outer layer of heart
serous membrane
closest to the pericardium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Myocardium

middle layer
muscular tissue of the heart

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Endocardium

this smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers
forms surface of valves
touches blood

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Right atria

Receive blood

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Right ventricle

Thinner walls and sends blood to lungs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Left atria

Receives blood from lungs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Left ventricle

Thicker walls and sends blood to body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Superior vena cava

Breaks of into the 2 brachiocephalic veins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inferior vena cava

Formed when the 2 common iliac veins merged

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Valve openings

When semilunar valves are open AV valves are shut, vis versa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ventricular septum

Separates ventricles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Atrial septum

Separates the atrium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Coronary sulcus

Separates atria and ventricle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anterior interventricular sulcus

Separates ventricles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Posterior interventricular sulcus

Separates ventricles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulmonary veins

Full of oxygen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Somatic veins

Very little oxygen

Pulmonary artery

Very little oxygen

Somatic artery

Full of oxygen

Trabeculae carneae

the irregular pattern on the myocardium
makes pumping more efficient

Chordae tendineae

holds the valves shut during systoles
puts restraint on valves

Papillary muscles

- anchor points for the valves - 3 on the right - 2 on the left - doesn’t open or close anything, just holds the door shut

Autoactive cells

Cells that can generate their own rhythm

Sinoatrial node

Sends electrical impulse in atria and hits the AV node

Atrioventricular node

Forms bundles of his

Bundle of His

Splits into 2 branches

Bundle branches

Activate their corresponding ventricles

Purkinje Fibers

Lines themselves along the ventricular walls

Autonomic innervation

Target terminal ganglia in heart wall

Sympathetic system

Increases heart rate

Parasympathetic system

Slows heart rate

P wave

Activation of atria / atrial contraction

QRS complex

Contraction of ventricles

T wave

Recovery wave, relaxation of the ventricles

Arrhythmia

- heart firing off rhythm - fixed with pacemaker - use defibrillator to fix

Cardiac tamponade

- common cause of death in traumas - paracaridal sac is filled with blood - poor output of blood - may occur if ligamentum arteriosum is torn with a chunk of the aorta - drain blood by inserting needle into the heart without hitting the heart wall

Coronary angioplasty

- lumen is closed - coronary artery is shut - insert a balloon catheter into blocked area

Coronary bypass surgery

You use a vein from a different part of the body to replace a vein near the heart because of blockages

Ligamentum ateriosum

- little ligament found between pulmonary artery and aorta - previously the ductus ateriosus - connections between the aorta and pulmonary trunk during fetal life

Fossa ovale

- Between 2 atria - during fetal development the fetus has a shared atrium which mixes oxygenated and deoxygenated blood before systemic circulation

Prenatal - umbilical veins

Postnatal - ligamentum teres

Prenatal - ductus venosus

Postnatal - ligamentum venosum

Prenatal - Foramen ovale

Postnatal - fossa ovalis

Prenatal - ductus artenosus

Postnatal - ligamentum arteriosum

Prenatal - umbilical artenosus

Postnatal - medial umbilical ligaments