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Systems Of The Body > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

3 layers of tissue composed of heart?

A

Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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2
Q

What is pericardium?

A

Two sacs
Outer sac consists of fibrous tissue

Inner sac is a double serous membrane allowing smooth movement between layers

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3
Q

What is myocardium?

A

Composed of specialised cardiac muscle

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4
Q

What is endocardium?

A

Flattened epithelial cells
Lines chambers and valves of heart

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5
Q

The heart is Divided into right and left side by …

A

Septum

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6
Q

What is each side divided into upper chamber and lower ventricle by?

A

Atrioventricular valves

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7
Q

How many valves does the left and right side have?

A

Right has 3 semilunar cusps
And the left has 2

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8
Q

What do valves do?

A

Ensure blood flow is going in one direction preventing the back flow of blood

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9
Q

What is the function of the heart

A

To maintain constant circulation of blood throughout body

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10
Q

What is each heartbeat known as

A

Cardiac cycle

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11
Q

Contraction is known as

A

Systole

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12
Q

Relaxed state is known as

A

Diastole

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13
Q

What cavity does the heart lie in?

A

Thoracic cavity

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14
Q

Describe the shape of the heart and how it lies in the thoracic cavity?

A

Has a base and an apex
Lies obliquely

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15
Q

Name the 8 associated organs and tissues with the heart?

A

Diaphragm
Oesophagus
Trachea
Left bronchus
Right bronchus
Vertebrae
Ribs
Intercostal muscles

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16
Q

What are the 2 largest veins ?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava

17
Q

What does the superior and inferior vena cava vein empty into the right atrium?

A

Deoxygenated blood

18
Q

What causes the atrioventricular valves to open and shut in the heart?

A

Changes in blood pressure

19
Q

What is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary artery

20
Q

What valve guards the pulmonary artery?

A

Pulmonary valve

21
Q

What valve guards the aorta?

A

Aortic valve

22
Q

What is the term for the passing of blood from the right side to the left via the lungs?

A

Pulmonary circulation

23
Q

Every heart beat is known as a what?

A

Cardiac cycle

24
Q

In every heartbeat the heart contracts then relaxes this is known as what

A

Contraction - systole
Relax- diastole

25
Q

What is the range of a cardiac cycle
(Heart beat)?

A

60-80 beats per min

26
Q

How long on average does a cardiac cycle last for?

A

0.8 seconds

27
Q

What is meant by atrial systole?

A

Contraction of the atria

28
Q

What is meant by ventricular systole?

A

Contraction of ventricles

29
Q

What is meant by complete cardiac diastole?

A

Relaxation of atria and ventricles

30
Q

What are the 3 types of circulation in the body?

A

Pulmonary
Systemic
Portal

31
Q

What valve is between the right atrium and ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

32
Q

What valve is between the left atrium and ventricle

A

Bicuspid valve

33
Q

The right side of the heart carries ………… blood and the left side carries …………. Blood

A

Right - deoxygenated
Left - oxygenated

34
Q

appropriate number of heart beats per minute?

A

72

35
Q

name the valve which blood passes from one of the right chambers to the other right chamber?

A

tricuspid valve

36
Q

name the valve which blood passes from one left chamber to another left chamber?

A

bicuspid valve

37
Q

name the valve which blood passes from the heart to the arterial system of the body

A

aortic valve

Systems Of The Body (12 decks)

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