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OBGYN > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Heart rate should be obtainable in transvaginal ultrasound when CRL measures

A

4-5 mm

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2
Q

The apex of the heart points to the

A

Left

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3
Q

The apex forms a ____ degree angle with the fetal spine

A

45 degree angle

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4
Q

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the

A

Left atrium

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5
Q

The moderator band is located in the

A

Right ventricle

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6
Q

The mitral valve is located

A

Between the left ventricle and left atrium

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7
Q

The tricuspid valve is located

A

Between the right ventricle and right atrium

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8
Q

Blood is shunted from the umbilical vein directly to the IVC via the

A

Ductus venosus

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9
Q

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> _____?

A

Right atrium

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10
Q

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> _____?

A

Foramen ovale

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11
Q

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—>____

A

Left atrium

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12
Q

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—> Left Atrium—> ____

A

Left ventricle

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13
Q

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—> Left Atrium—> Left Ventricle —> ____

A

Ascending aorta

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14
Q

If fetal circulation doesn’t go through the foramen ovale, but enters into the right ventricle, then where does it go?

umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> right ventricle—> ____

A

Pulmonary artery and into the Ductus arteriosis

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15
Q

Ductus arteriosis is located:

A

Connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta

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16
Q

In the foramen ovale, blood moves from ____ to _____

A

Right to left atrium

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17
Q

Leading cause of cardiac death in neonatal period

A

Hypoplastic left heart

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18
Q

Hypoplastic left heart is associated with what chromosomal abnormalities

A

Turners, trisomy 18

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19
Q

Hypoplastic right heart often results from

A

Pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary atresia

20
Q

“Long axis view”

21
Q

LVOT shows what abnormality

22
Q

“short axis view”

23
Q

Most common form of cardiac defect

A

Ventricular Septal Defect(VSD)

24
Q

Combination of atrial and ventricular septal defects—

A

Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)

25
Q

Central portion of the heart is termed ___

A

Endocardia cushion

26
Q

AVSD aka

A

Endocardia cushion defect

27
Q

AVSD is associated with what chromosomal abnormalities

A

Aneuploidy, trisomy 21 and 18

28
Q

Malformation or malposition of the tricuspid valve

A

Ebstein anomaly

29
Q

What anomaly is this

A

Ebstein anomaly

30
Q

Narrowing of the aortic arch

A

Coarctation of the aorta

31
Q

Most common location of coarctation of the aorta

A

Between the left Subclavian artery and ductus arteriosis

32
Q
  • Narrowing of aortic arch
  • right ventricle enlargement
  • pulmonary artery enlargement
A

Coarctation of the aorta

33
Q
  • Overriding aortic root
  • VSD
  • pulmonary stenosis
  • right ventricle hypertrophy
A

Tetralogy of Fallot

34
Q

Outflow tracts are reversed

A

Transposition of the Great Vessels

35
Q
A

Transposition of the great vessels

36
Q

Aorta normally arises from the ____

A

Left ventricle

37
Q

Pulmonary artery normally arises from the ___

A

Right ventricle

38
Q

Echogenic intracardiac focus is most often seen within the ____

A

Left ventricle

39
Q

Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) May be linked with ___

A

Trisomy 21

40
Q

The most common fetal cardiac tumor

A

Rhabdomyoma

41
Q

Rhabdomyoma are associated with ______

A

Tuberous sclerosis

42
Q
A

Rhabdomyoma

43
Q

Heart is partially or completely outside the chest

A

Ectopic cordis

44
Q

Group of anomalies including:

  • omphalocele
  • ectopic cordis
  • cleft sternum
  • anterior diaphragmatic defect
  • pericardial defects
A

Pentalogy of Cantrell

45
Q

Blood flows from the ductus arteriosis into the:

A

Descending Aorta

OBGYN (22 decks)

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