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Fetal Environment And Maternal Complications Flashcards

1
Q

A definitive placenta may not be seen until after:

A

10-12 weeks

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2
Q

Additional, smaller lobes separate from the main segment of placenta

A

Succenturiate lobe/ accessory lobe

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3
Q
  • Abnormally shaped placenta, curled up edges.

- may lead to abruption, bleeding

A

Circumvallate placenta

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4
Q

Placenta thickness should not exceed:

A

4cm

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5
Q

Element of placenta closest to the fetus

A

Chorionic plate

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6
Q

Placental grading: uninterrupted chorionic plate and homogeneous

A

Grade 0

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7
Q

Placental grading: subtle indentations on the chorionic plate, small calcifications within placental substance

A

Grade 1

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8
Q

Placental grading: moderate indentations in chorionic plate with “comma-like” calcifications in placental substance

A

Grade 2

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9
Q

Placental grading: prominent indentations in chorionic plate that extend into the basal layer with diffuse echogenic and anechoic areas noted within the placental substance.

A

Grade 3

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10
Q

Placental grading:

A

Grade 0

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11
Q

Placental grading:

A

Grade 1

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12
Q

Placental grading:

A

Grade 2

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13
Q

Placental grading:

A

Grade 3

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14
Q

Placenta covering the internal os of cervix

A

Placenta previa

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15
Q

The placenta should be evaluated for previa after ___ weeks

A

20 weeks

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16
Q

Placenta covers internal os completely

A

Total/complete previa

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17
Q

Placenta partially covers internal os

A

Partial previa

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18
Q

Placenta lies at the edge of the internal os

A

Marginal previa

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19
Q

Placenta edge extends into lower uterine segment and is less than 2 cm from the internal os

A

Low lying placenta

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20
Q

Fetal vessels resting over the internal os

A

Vasa previa

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21
Q

Cord insertion associated with vasa previa:

A

Velamentous cord insertion

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22
Q

Premature separation of placenta from uterine wall

A

Placental abruption

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23
Q

Most severe placental abruption

A

Complete abruption

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24
Q

Type of placental abruption: development of retroplacental hematoma

A

Complete abruption

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25
Q

Type of placental abruption: only a few centimeters of separation

A

Partial abruption

26
Q

Most common placenta hemorrhage

A

Subchorionic hemorrhage

27
Q

Type of placental abruption: lies at the edge of the placenta

A

Marginal abruption/ Subchorionic hemorrhage

28
Q

Abnormal adherence of the placenta to the myometrium

A

Placenta accreta

29
Q

Invasion of placenta within the myometrium

A

Placenta increta

30
Q

Penetration of placenta through serosa and possibly into adjacent organs

A

Placenta percreta

31
Q

Most common placental tumor

A

Chorioangioma

32
Q

Most common location of chorioangioma

A

Adjacent to umbilical cord insertion site

33
Q

Most common abnormality of the umbilical cord

A

2VC/ single umbilical artery

34
Q

Cord insertion: at the edge of placenta

35
Q

Marginal cord insertion aka

A

Battledore

36
Q

Cord insertion: insertion into the membranes beyond the placental edge

A

Velamentous

37
Q

Umbilical cord encircling the neck is termed

A

Nuchal cord

38
Q

Umbilical cord forms from fusion of the the ___ and ____

A

Fuision of the yolk stalk and Vitelline duct/omphalomesenteric duct

39
Q

Gelatinous material covering umbilical cord

A

Whartons jelly

40
Q

Most common tumor of the umbilical cord

A

Hemangioma

41
Q

Cystic mass within umbilical cord

A

Allantoic cyst

42
Q

Allantoic cyst is most commonly located

A

Close to the fetal abdomen

43
Q

Umbilical cord hemangiomas are most often located

A

Close to cord insertion to placenta

44
Q

Maximum vertical pocket should measure atleast:

45
Q

Most common congenital infection

A

Cytomegalovirus

46
Q

Most common cause of intellectual disability in the United States

A

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome(FAS)

47
Q

IUGR is defined as estimated fetal weight below the ___ percentile

A

Below the 10th percentile

48
Q

Obese fetus is defined as having an EFW of ___ percentile

A

Over the 90th percentile

49
Q

Sonographic findings of cervical incompetence:

A
  • Cervical length <3cm

- funneling if cervix (V or U shaped)

50
Q

Hydrops aka

51
Q

Accumulation of fluid in atleast two body cavities

52
Q

Prevention of RH isoimmunization:

53
Q

Maternal Rh sensitization, her first pregnancy will develop:

A

Normally, the second pregnancy will be the one that is attacked by her antibidies

54
Q

Pregnancy induced hypertension and proteinuria

A

Preeclampsia

55
Q

Postpartum uterus returns to its nongravid size ____ weeks after delivery

A

6-8 weeks after delivery

56
Q

1 cause of painless bleeding in 3rd trimester

A

Placenta previa

57
Q

Hydrops caused by rh incompatibility

A

Immune hydrops

58
Q

Fetal hydrops caused by congenital anomalies and infections

A

Nonimmune hydrops

59
Q

Most common pathological cause of painful bleeding in 3rd trimester

A

Placental abruption

60
Q

Lab values of chorioangioma

A

Increased MSAFP

OBGYN (22 decks)

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