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Anaphy Lecture > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main blood vessels in the cardiovascular system?

A 
Carotid Artery
Jagular Vein
Aorta
Pulmonary Trunk
Heart
Brachial Artery
Inferior Vena Cava
Femoral Artery and Vein
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2
Q

Cardiovascular System Components?

A

Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels

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3
Q

how many liters of blood do we have?

A

5L

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4
Q

the heart’s right side pumping to the LUNGS and back to the left side of the heart through vessels is the??

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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5
Q

The left side of the heart pumps blood to all other tissues of the body and back to the right side of the heart is the?

A

Systemic Circulation

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6
Q

what is the size of the heart?

A

size of fist and less than 1lb

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7
Q

where is heart located?

A

in between lungs in thoracic cavity

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8
Q

what is the orientation of the heart?

A

Apex towards left side

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9
Q

double layers sac that protects and anchors the heart?

A

Pericardium

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10
Q

membrane around the cavity of heart

A

parietal pericardium

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11
Q

membrane on the heart’s surface

A

visceral pericardium

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12
Q

space around the heart

A

Pericardial cavity

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13
Q

how many pulmonary veins does carry blood into the left atrium?

A

4

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14
Q

veins that carries blood from the right atrium

A

SVC and IVC

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15
Q

groove that separates atria from ventricles

A

coronary sulcus

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16
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

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17
Q

these are the superior chambers
“HOLDING CHAMBERS)

thin-walled that contracts minimally to push blood into the ventricles

A

Left and Right atria

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18
Q

separates the blood from the right atrium to the left atrium

A

interatrial Septum

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19
Q

inferior chambers
“PUMPING CHAMBERS”

thick, strong-walled and contracts forcefully to send blood out of the heart

A

Ventricles

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20
Q

separates the left and right ventricles

A

interventricular septum

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21
Q

2 valves in the heart

A

Tricuspid Valve

Bicuspid Valve

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22
Q

AV Valves between RA and RV?

A

Tricuspid (3 cusp)

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23
Q

AV Valves between LA and LV?

A

Bicuspid Valve (2 cusp) Mitral Valve

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24
Q

each ventricle contains cone-shaped called?

A

Papillary Muscle

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25
Q

muxcle in the heart?

A

myocardium

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26
Q

muscles of papillary Muscle is attached to

A

Chordae Tendineae

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27
Q

T or F

when the ventricles contract, the papillary muscle also contracts that prevent the valves from opening into the atria by pulling Chordae Tendineae attached Valves cusp

A

True

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28
Q

tendons in atrioventricular valves?

A

Chordae tendineae

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29
Q

have 3 half-moon shaped cusp

A

semilunar valves

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30
Q

Right Ventricles to Pulmonary Trunk

A

Pulmonary Valve

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31
Q

between LV and Aorta

A

Aortic Valve

32
Q

connective tissue plate that acts as electrical insulator to atria and ventricles and provides rigid attachment site for cardiac muscle

A

Cardiac Skeleton or Fibrous Skeleton

33
Q

Blood Flow through the Heart

A 
SVC and IVC
RA
Tricuspid Valve
RV
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Arteries
Lungs
Pulmonary Veins
LA
Bicuspid Valve
LV
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Aorta
throughout the body
34
Q

supply blood to the heart

A

coronary artery

35
Q

drains the blood from the cardiac muscle

parallel to coronary artery

drains the blood into the coronary sinus

coronary sinus -> RA

A

Cardiac veins

36
Q

pacemaker of the heart

A

sinoatrial node

37
Q

heart wall is composed of

A

epicardium
myocardium
endocardium

38
Q

surface of the heart

A

epicardium

39
Q

thick middle layer composed of cardiac muscles

A

myocardium

40
Q

smooth inner surface of the heart

A

endocardium

41
Q

T or F

cardiac muscle has 3 nucleus

A

False

1 lang

42
Q

T or F

cardiac muscles is branching muscles, rich in mitochondria, and striated (actin and myosin)

intercalated disc- connects the cell

A

True

43
Q

The cardiac muscle action potential is called?

A

pacemaker potential

depolarization
plateau
repolarization

44
Q

Na channels open

Ca channels open

A

depolarization phase

45
Q

Na channels open
Some K channels open
Ca channels still open

A

Plateau Phase

46
Q

K channels open

Ca channels closed

A

repolarization phase

47
Q

muscle where ap it takes 2msec

A

skeletal muscle

48
Q

muscle where ap takes 200-500msec

A

cardiac muscles

49
Q

T or f

skeletal muscle have plateau phase

A

False

cardiac muscle lang

50
Q

Conduction System of the Heart? what are those

A 
sinoatrial node
atrioventricularar node
atrioventricular bundle or the bundle of his
R and L bundle branches
Purkinje Fibres
51
Q

where ap originates

ra

Large number of Ca Channels

A

Sinoatrial node

52
Q

located in the lower portion of RA

A

Atrioventricular Node

53
Q

T or F

Slow conduction of AP in the heart allows the atria to complete their contraction before action potentials are delivered to ventricles

A

True

54
Q

T or F

Purkinje Fibers pass to the apex of the heart and then extended to the cardiac muscle of the ventricular walls

A

True

55
Q

records the electrical events in the heart

A

ECG or EKG

electrocardiodiagram

56
Q

depolarization of atria

A

P wave

57
Q

depolarization of ventricles

A

QRS waves

58
Q

repolarization of ventricles

A

T wave

59
Q

all events that occur in one single heartbeat is called?

A

Cardiac Cycle

60
Q

primer pumps

actual pumps

A

atria

ventricles

61
Q

the mechanism in nervous system the plays an important role in heart function:

monitor the blood pressure in the aorta and carotid

frequency in AP
medulla oblongata

A

Baroreceptor Reflex

62
Q

T or F

chemoreceptors- chemicals can affect the heart rate and stroke volume

A

True

63
Q

disease cause by decreased blood supply to the heart

coronary arteries are narrowed

A

Coronary Artery Disease

64
Q

AKA Heart Attack

closure of 1 or more coronary arteries lacking blood supply

A

Myocardial Infarction

65
Q

heart procedure that opens a blocks BV

A

Angioplasty

66
Q

structures are inserted to the blood vessels to keep it open

A

Stent

67
Q

reroutes the blood away from blocked arteries

A

Bypass

68
Q

ability to generate an electric impulse automatically

A

Automaticity

69
Q

ability to pass impulse to the next cell

A

Conductivity

70
Q

ability to shorten the fibers in the heart when receiving signals

A

Contractility

71
Q

the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle over 1 minute

A

Cardiac Output

72
Q

formula of cardiac output

A

CO= Stroke volume X heart rate

73
Q

amount of blood ejected from the heart every heart beat

A

Stroke Volume

74
Q

number of times heart contracts in a minute

A

Heart Rate

75
Q

stretching of muscle fibers in the ventricle

A

Preload

76
Q

cardiac muscles shorten

A

Contractility

77
Q

the further the muscles the greater the contraction will be

A

Frank-Starling Law

Anaphy Lecture (15 decks)

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