Hearing Loss Flashcards
what are the three types of hearing loss?
conductive
sensorineural
mixed
what is not a symptom of hearing loss
otalgia as it can be referred
presentation of hearing loss
hearing loss
external scars
abnormalities of the canal e.g. discharge, swelling, bleeding, masses
swelling over the mastoid
facial weakness (lesions can compress the facial nerve causing facial palsy)
causes of conductive hearing loss
otitis externa
acute otitis media
chronic otitis media
otosclerosis
common causes of otitis externa
water (swimmer’s ear)
cotton buds
skin conditions
management of otitis externa
topical drops
avoid water in ears
define chronic otitis media
otitis media for a period of longer than 3 months
causes of sensorineural hearing loss
presbycusis noise-induced hearing loss drug induced vestibular schwannoma Meniere's disease trauma
who is noise-induced hearing loss common in?
builders
shooters
requires continual exposure
audiogram presentation of noise-induced hearing loss
classic dip at 4kHz
how to prevent noise-induced hearing loss?
prevent with protection
drugs that cause hearing loss
gentamicin and aminoglycosides (drops fine in intact ear drum)
chemotherapy e.g. cisplatin and vincristine
aspirin and NSAIDs overdose (reversible)
what is done before starting chemotherapy to do with the ears?
audiogram is done before treatment and after first stage- if there is a reduction in hearing then change of treatment is considered
what frequency hearing loss occurs in Meniere’s disease
low pitched
example of trauma with the temporal bone that can cause sensorineural hearing loss
crack through temporal bone affects facial nerve (Battle sign suggests fracture to temporal bone)
