Epistaxis Flashcards

1
Q

local causes

A
idiopathic
trauma
foreign body
inflammation
tumour
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2
Q

systemic causes

A
drugs e.g. warfarin, aspirin
clotting abnormalities
liver disease
haemophilia
leukaemia
thrombocytopenia
arteriosclerosis
hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu)
systemic inflammatory conditions
Wegener's granulomatosis
hypertension
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3
Q

acute management of epistaxis

A

resuscitate patient (consider elderly and cardiovascular disease and potential for hypovolaemia and shock)

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4
Q

local management of epistaxis

A

external pressure to nose
ice
cautery
nasal packing

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5
Q

distant management of epistaxis

A

ligation of arteries supplying Little’s area

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6
Q

systemic management of epistaxis

A
reversal of anticoagulants
correction of clotting abnormalities
platelet transfusion
treatment of hypertension
rare systemic causes managed
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