Epistaxis Flashcards
1
Q
local causes
A
idiopathic trauma foreign body inflammation tumour
2
Q
systemic causes
A
drugs e.g. warfarin, aspirin clotting abnormalities liver disease haemophilia leukaemia thrombocytopenia arteriosclerosis hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu) systemic inflammatory conditions Wegener's granulomatosis hypertension
3
Q
acute management of epistaxis
A
resuscitate patient (consider elderly and cardiovascular disease and potential for hypovolaemia and shock)
4
Q
local management of epistaxis
A
external pressure to nose
ice
cautery
nasal packing
5
Q
distant management of epistaxis
A
ligation of arteries supplying Little’s area
6
Q
systemic management of epistaxis
A
reversal of anticoagulants correction of clotting abnormalities platelet transfusion treatment of hypertension rare systemic causes managed
