Hearing Disorders

Question 1

there is perhaps no other health condition that can have as profound an effect on one’s quality of life as ?

Answer 1

a hearing disorder

Question 2

frequency: the number of
- perceived as
amplitude: the maximum ?
- perceived as

Answer 2

complete vibrations that occur per unit of time (Hz)
-pitch
displacement of a sound wave (dB)
-loudness

Question 3

hearing loss:
affects?
1 to 6 per 1000 infants ?
not necessarily ? 
types of hearing loss

Answer 3

30 mil. americans
born with hearing loss
-deaf/increased threshold 
conductive
sensorineural 
mixed

Question 4

deafness:
congenital deafness:
adventitious deafness: 
-
-
-
hard of hearing:

Answer 4

-minimal hearing or complete loss of hearing
-deafness at birth
-deafness that occurs after birth
-prelingual
-perilingual
-postlingual
hearing loss ranging from mild to profound

Question 5

hearing disorders can be described and categorized in a number of ways:
including

Answer 5

type of hearing loss
degree of hearing loss
location of hearing loss
configuration of hearing loss

Question 6

types of hearing loss: conductive 
due to problems affecting?
congenital
occluded
otitis media: 
otosclerosis:
Cholesteatoma: 
eardrum?

Answer 6

sound transmission through the outer or middle ear

• atresia
• ear canal
• fluid in middle ear space; can become infected
• disease that causes ossification of middle ear bones, especially where the stapes meets oval window; surgically corrected with stapedectomy
• abnormal skin growth in the ME due to poor ET function and retracted TM
• perforation

Question 7

types of hearing loss: sensorineural
due to damage in the ?
causes of SNHL:
-normal 
-...induced
-ototoxicity:
-
-....problems 
-...disorders

Answer 7

inner ear or to the nerve pathways from the inner ear leading towards the brain
-age related changes (prebycusis)
-noise induced
-drugs are toxic to hair cells
inherited/developmental (malformed cochlea)
-prenatal problems
-perinatal/infantile/childhood disorders

Question 8

types of hearing loss: mixed

Answer 8

combined conductive and sensorineural hearing loss

Question 9

disorders of the outer ear

Answer 9

atresia
ear canal obstruction
otitis externa

Question 10

disorders of the middle ear

Answer 10

perforated ear drum

otitis media

Question 11

disorders of the inner ear

disorders of the central auditory system

Answer 11

meniere’s disease
presbycusis

acoustic neruoma

Question 12

configuration of hearing loss
refers to the ?
includes

Answer 12

extent of loss at various frequencies of hearing ranging from low to high

• high frequency hearing loss
• flat hearing loss
• unilateral hearing loss
• bilateral hearing loss
• symmetric hearing loss
• asymmetric hearing loss

Question 13

other types of hearing disorders:
tinnitus:
auditory processing disorder (ADP): condition in which an individual demonstrates ?

Answer 13

medical name used to describe a continuous noise (ringing) in the ears

-normal hearing and normal intelligence but shows a hearing problem in the sense that information processing is impaired

Question 14

assessment of hearing disorders:
audiometry: the ?
pure tone audiometry:

immittance testing:

electrophysiologic testing:

Answer 14

measurement of hearing

• air conduction
• bone conduction
• tympanometry
• acoustic reflex
• otoacoustic emissions
• auditory brainstem response

Question 15

otoscopic inspection

-evaluate physical status of ?

Answer 15

pinna, external auditory canal (ear canal) and tympanic membrane (ear drum)

infection, perforation, middle ear fluid, cerumen impaction, foreign body

Question 16

tympanometry:
objective test of ?
measured by creating ?
detect: 
-
-
-
-
can help distinguish between ?

Answer 16

middle ear function and eardrum mobility
variations of air pressure in the ear canal

• hypercompliant eardrum
• fluid filled middle ear
• eardrum perforation
• patent PE tube

conductive and sensorineural

Question 17

PureTone Audiometry 
measured threshold for ? 
-
-
diagnose ?

Answer 17

250HZ-8000 Hz

• air conduction
• bone conduction

sensorineural
conductive
mixed

Question 18

normal hearing: thresholds are ? or better from?

Answer 18

20dB / 250-8000Hz

Question 19

visual reinforcement audiometry
hearing test for children?
condition chid to

Answer 19

approx 6 months to 2 years

turn towards visual stimuli in response to sound

Question 20

conditioned play audiometry
hearing test for children approx.
condition child to ?

Answer 20

ages 2-4

throw a block each time the stimulus is heard

Question 21

otoacoustic emissions 
OAEs are ?
can be measured by a ?
what kind of test?
present OAEs indicate

Answer 21

inaudible sounds generated by the cochlea in response to sound (OHC response)
-small probe in the ear canal
-objective
normal hearing

Question 22

auditory brainstem response:
electrophysiological test used to measure the ?
plotted waveforms represent specific?

Answer 22

function of the brainstem in response to sound

anatomical points along auditory neural pathway

Question 23

Clinical Applications of the ABR:

• useful when an ?
• ABR sensitivity ?
• generally will not detect tumors ?

Answer 23

acoustic neuroma is suspected

• decreased with tumor size
• <1cm

Question 24

Clinical Applications of the ABR: infant hearing test:

• newborn
• diagnostic test for
• can predict
• baby must be

Answer 24

hearing screenings
babies that fail screening
threshold within 10db
sleeping