Health & Well-Being

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease

Question 2

Fitness

Answer 2

The ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment

Question 3

Benefits of physical health and well-being

Answer 3

Can carry out everyday tasks

Helps avoid obesity

Improves heart function

Improves the deficiency of the body systems

Reduces the risks of some illnesses

Question 4

Sedentary lifestyle

Answer 4

A lifestyle with irregular/no physical activity

Question 5

Effects of a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 5

Risk of developing low self-esteem and poor sleeping patterns

Increased risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes

Increased risk of lethargy

Weight gain

Question 6

Obese

Answer 6

Used to describe people with a large fat content

Caused by an imbalance of calories consumed compared to energy expenditure

A BMI of over 30 or above 20% of the standard weight for height ratio

Question 7

BMI

Answer 7

BMI = Weight (kg) / height^2 (m)

Question 8

Effects of obesity

Answer 8

Reduced stamina

Decrease in physical, mental, and social health

Performance in sports is reduced

Limits cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, agility, speed, and power

Question 9

Physical ill health

Answer 9

Increased risk of cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes

Increased pressure on joints

High cholesterol (restricts blood flow)

Question 10

Mental ill health

Answer 10

Increased risk of depression

Increased risk of a loss of confidence

Feeling very tired

Question 11

Social ill health

Answer 11

Increased risk of not being able to socialise

Unable to leave home due to a lack of confidence

Question 12

Somatotype

Answer 12

The classification of body types

Question 13

Ectomorph

Answer 13

Tall, lanky

e.g Heigh Jump, Tennis Player

Question 14

Endomorph

Answer 14

Fat, round

E.g Sumo Wrestler

Question 15

Mesomorph

Answer 15

Ripped, conditioned

E.g Wrestler, weightlifter

Question 16

Factors that affect calorie intake

Answer 16

Age

Energy expenditure

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Height

Gender

Question 17

Balanced diet

Answer 17

Eating the right amount of calories according to how much exercise you do, and eating different food types to provide suitable nutrients, vitamins, and minerals

55%-60% carbs, 25%-30% fat, 15%-20% protein

Question 18

Why is a balanced diet important?

Answer 18

It promotes growth in the body

It also helps a person to participate in an activity or exercise

There is no food that contains all the nutrients the body needs, so you must eat a variety of foods

Question 19

Carbohydrates

Answer 19

Main and preferred energy source

Sugars (bananas, mangoes, raisins) provide energy quickly

Starches (bread, pasta, potatoes) provide energy slower

Lack of carbs = fatigue

Question 20

Fat

Answer 20

Secondary source of energy, also helps carry vitamins into the body

Provides way more energy than carbohydrates, but burns a lot slower

Can only be utilised during low intensity activities

Saturated - animal fat (bacon), butter

Unsaturated - vegetable fat, oil

Question 21

Proteins

Answer 21

Growth and repair

Useful for strength/power exercises for muscles to recover faster

Lack of protein = muscle wastage and severe malnutrition

Question 22

Vitamins

Answer 22

Organic substances required for many processes in the body

A - lived, carrots, fish | D - egg yolk, fish, cheese

Lack of A = night blindness
Lack of C = scurvy (bleeding gums
Lack of D = rickets (bones bending)

Question 23

Minerals

Answer 23

Inorganic substances that assist the body with many of its functions

Lack of calcium - muscle spasms, dry skin and hair
Lack of iron - serious fatigue

Question 24

Fibre

Answer 24

Important for digestive health and regular bowel movements

Oats, cereal

Lack of fibre - constipation

Question 25

Benefits of being hydrated

Answer 25

Improves reaction time

Lubricates joints

Helps maintain the correct temperature

Question 26

Effects of being dehydrated

Answer 26

Fatigue and cramps

Thicker blood, so heart rate increase

Worsened reaction time