Health Promotion Of The Newborn & Infant Flashcards by Brendon Allen

Newborns lose up to what % of birth wt and by what day do they do this?

10% of birth wt lost by day 3-4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When do infants gain their birth wt back?

10-14th day

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When does infants wt double and when does it tripple

Double - 6months

Triples - 12 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infants gain how many inchs until 6 months

After that they increase ht how

1 inch per month until 6 months

Then it is in spurts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How babies head circumference increases

2cm/month for 3months

1cm/month for 4-6months

0.5cm/month 6-12months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When fontanels close

Anterior: 12-18months

Posterior: 2-3months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What indicates brain growth in an infant

Head circumference

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

We slowly replace what type of reflexes with what

Primitive reflexes are replaced slowly with:

Protective and purposeful movements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When primitive reflexes disappear:

Step
Root
Suck
Moro

Step: 4-8wks

Root: 3months

Suck: 2-5months

Moro: 4 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When primitive reflexes go away:

Tonic neck/fencing
Palmar grasp
Plantar grasp
Babinski

Tonic neck/fencing: 4 months

Palmar grasp: 4-6 months

Plantar grasp: 9 months

Babinski: 12 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Protective reflexes and when we get them

Neck righting: 4-6 months

Parachute sideways and forward: 6 months
tilt to side and stick out hands to catch self

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In 1st year of life infants RR slow to what
Different in peds resp. System

From 30-60/min down to 20-30/in

Larger tongues
Funnel shaped larynx
Fewer alveoli

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infants heart does what in the 1st year

HR and BP goes from what to what

Heart doubles in size

HR slows from 120-140 down to 100

BP goes from 60/40 to 100/50

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When do teeth start to appear

Signs of teething

6-10months

Fussy
Slobbery
Low grade fever

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stomach capacity by year 1

Goes from 15-30ML at birth to accomadating
3 full meals and snacks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When can infants liver fully conguate bilirubin and secrete bile

2 weeks old

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Is the glucogenesis immature during 1st year of life?

Yes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infants have more total body water than adults

Puts us at greater risk of what
Is specific gravity low or high

Risk of dehydration

Low specific gravity (less concentrated)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Renal function not efficient until glomeruli rach maturity when?

2 years old

When is maternal iron store depleted

6months old

Immune system
Passive immunity from mother last how long

Get our own immune system how

3-6 months

Get own active immunity due to exposures and immunizarions

Sight with new borns

What kind of sight

Prefer what

Strabismus dissapears by when

Get full color vision, distance vision and object tracking by when?

Newborns are near sighted prefering human faces

Prefer objects/images with black and white contrast

Stabismus disappears by 3-4 months

Full color-distance and object tracking by 7months

Hearing

Fully intact at birth

Infants can differentiate the smell of mothers breast milk by when

7days old
Prefer sweet taste

Trust vs mistrust during when Psychological development

Birth to 1 year

When do infants develop: Social smile Social interaction (laughing) More interactive with game like pee-a-boo

Social smile: 2months Social interaction (laughing): 3-4months More interactive with game like pee-a-boo: 6-8months

When do these begin: Seperation anxiety Stranger anxiety

Seperation anxiety: 8months Stranger anxiety: 6-8months

Sensorimotor stage (birth -24months)

Go from reflexive behaviors to repetitive and imitative activites

Object permanence When its developed fully What it is

Fully developed by 8 months If they cant see it then they think its gone

1st form of verbal communication Crying decreases by when By 4 months we get what Comprehend “no” by when Can say 3-5 words by when

Crying Crying decreased by 12 weeks old 4 months we get laughs, squeals, uses vowels, consonants No comprehended by 9-10months Can say 3-5 words by 1 year old

Gross motor skills Fine motor skills

Gross: cephalocaudal (from head to feet it develops) Ex: roll, then crawl, then walk Fine: proximodistal

Gross motor skills in infancy 4months 5months 6months 8months 9months 10months

4: rolls from prone to supine 5: rolls from supine to prone and back again Sits with back upright when supported 6: tripod sits 8: sits unsupported 9: crawls, abdomen off floor 10: pulls to stand, cruises

Fine motor skills in infancy 5months 7months 10months

5: grasps rattle (grab toys and rattle them0 7: transfers object from one hand to the other 10: fine pincer grasp

Immunization at birth

Hep B

Nutrition birth-6months: Breastfeeding Supplement w/ breastfeeding Alt to breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is complete nutrition during 1st 6 months Vit D supplement for breast fed babies prevent deficiency/rickets Iron-fortified formula alt. To breast milk

Nutrition 6months-1year Reflex that disappears around 4-6 months Interest in what, voluntary control of what, disappearance of what reflex

Tongue thrust reflex disappears around 4-6 months Interest in solid food Voluntary control of head and trunk Disappearance of extrusion reflex

New foods being introduces What is first New food introduced over how long and how many at a time Veggies or fruit first When to introduce meat

Iron-fortified rice cereal first Intoduce new foods over 5-7 days (1at a time) Veggies before fruit bc they like sweet stuff more *once fruit and veggies added we can have meat*

Introduce sippy cups/straws when? Bottle weaning Which meal is last one weaned (by when) Cows milk tried when 1st dental visit when

Sippy cup: 6-8months Replace one bottle/breastfeeding with a cut Bedtime feeding last to wean (by 12-15months) Cows milk (whole milk) by 12 months Dental 1st visit by 1year old

Foods to avoid in infancy

Honey: botulism Excessive amount of fruit juice (4-6oz per day) (Water too)

Sleep: When nocturnal sleep pattern established How much sleep do infants get a day How many naps do infants take by 12 months

Established by 3-4 months Sleep 14-15hrs a day 1-2 naps by 12 months

Injury prevention: infants (8)

Aspiration of foreign objects Bodily harm (water safety, stairs) Burns (stove, sunburn(no sunscreen until 6months) Drowning (tubs) Falls Poisioning (lock up meds/cleaning supplies) MVAs Suffocation (safe sleep, blinds)

AAP recommends rear facing until age what?

2 years old

Safe sleep ABCD One what No what? Pacifier Ceiling fan Encourage what not what

Alone, on back, in crib One swaddle blanket No pillows, stuffed animals, or loose blankets Pacifier: help avoid SIDS Ceiling fans: circulate CO2 Encourage room sharing not co-sleeping

Preventing choking Toys? Keep what off floor? Avoid what foods? (4)

Big toys Small items off floor Avoid: Popcorn Nuts Grapes Hot dog pieces

Preventing falls Stairs? Cribs? Restraints with what? AAP no longer supports what?

Baby gate for stairs Low crib with rails up Restraints: infant seat/changing table No longer supports walkers (use stationary devices)

Effects of hospitalization: infants NPO Seperation anxiety/stranger anxiety when Nursing interventions (4)

NPO: fussy/angry Seperation anxiety/stranger anxiety (8months) Nursing interventions: -encourage parent presence -parental support -cluster care -atraumatic care