Health Promotion of the Infant and Family (WEDNESDAY)

Question 1

Weight
Infancy is when to when?
what happens to weight by 6 and 12 months

Answer 1

Infancy is defined by birth to 12 months. (time of rapid growth and development)

Birth rate doubles by 6 months of age.

Birth weight tripes by 1 year of age.

Question 2

Moro reflex
disappears when?

Answer 2

(startle reflex) disappears by 3 months- Extends arms related to loud noise or sudden movement.

Question 3

Parachute reflex
appears when? and maintained throughout when?

Answer 3

Appears at 7 months and maintained throughout life. When the baby is turned face down, the arms will extend as if the baby is trying to catch himself.

Question 4

Babinski reflex
expected to disappear when?

Answer 4

Expected to disappear at 12 months.
Reflex may persist beyond 12 months. This can be normal, but not typical (expected).

If persists near 24 months may consider potential underlying neurological conditions

** Babinski reflex present (positive)Big toe dorsiflexes (upward movement)and other toes fan.

Question 5

Eye contact and social smile interacting with parents at what age?

Answer 5

2 months

Question 6

Fine motor:
Grasping reflexive when?
Bangs objects when?
crude pincer when?
Neat pincer when?

Answer 6

Reflexive < 6 months

Reaches for and bangs objects/transfers 6 months.

Crude Pincer: Grasp (2 fingers and thumb) 8 months

Neat Pincer: Grasp (index finger and thumb)10 months

Question 7

Roll over?
briefly sitting unsupported?
sitting unsupported?

Answer 7

Rolls over age 4-6 months

6 months- briefly sits unsupported

8-9 months- sits unsupported.

Question 8

Locomotion (crawling with tummy on floor)

Locomotion: crawling with tummy off floor (hands and knees)

Walk with assist

Walk alone (first steps)

Answer 8

Locomotion (crawling with tummy on floor): 6 months

Locomotion: crawling with tummy off floor (hands and knees): 9 months

Walk with assist: 11 months (walks around furniture)

Walk alone (first steps): 12 months.

Question 9

Review Erikson’s Psychosocial Development from birth to 18 months of age

birth to when?
Trust vs mistrust

Answer 9

Trust vs Mistrust

-Birth to 18 months

-Trust is developed if the infant’s comfort, feeding, and care needs are consistently met.

-Mistrust develops if needs are not consistently met.

-Forming a sense of trust in the world

Question 10

Review language development in the first year of life

first verbal communication?
Coo, gurgles, and laugh by?
Babbles and imitative sounds by?
Mama and dada by?
How many words with meaning by age 1?

Answer 10

-Crying is first verbal communication

-Vocalizations

-Coo, gurgles, and laugh by 4 months

-Babbles and imitative sounds by 6 months

-Mama and dada by 9 months

-Three to five words with meaning by age 1 year

Question 11

Atopic Dermatitis

What is it?
How can it happen?

Answer 11

Chronic inflammatory skin condition that often develops in early childhood (60% begin during the first year of life)

-Hereditary tendency
-Scaly, pruritic (itchy)
Secondary infections (scratching)
-Sleep deprivation
-Academic performance

Question 12

Management of atopic dermatitis

Answer 12

Bathing and moisturizing is an important part of treatment.

No bubble baths, shower gels, or hot water.

Pat the skin dry after bathing (leaving slightly damp.)

-Hydrate the skin (e.g., Aquaphor, non-perfumed lotions)

-Relieve pruritus: Zyrtec (6 months), Benadryl (> 2 yr)

-Reduce inflammation (e.g., topical steroid -Triamcinolone)
Prevent and control secondary infection (keep hands clean and fingernails cut