Health Past paper questions

Question 1

Study Diagram Q14A.
Describe, in detail, the distribution of male deaths from heart disease. (4)
Q14ASQANAT52015

Answer 1

Male deaths from heart disease are most common in Eastern Europe (1).
Russia for example, has a rate of 444-841 per 100,000 (1). This compares
to only 120-238 in the UK (1). Canada, the USA and Mexico have some of
the lowest rates (1), with under 120-238 per 100,000 (1). Many central
African countries have rates of 363-443. (1)

Question 2

Choose one disease from Diagram Q14B above.
For the disease you have chosen, explain the methods used to control it. (6) (MALARIA)
Q14BSQANAT52015

Answer 2

Anti-malarial drugs kill blood parasites (1) Chloroquine is an example of
this.(1) Insecticides, such as malathion destroy the female anopheles
mosquito (1).
Draining all breeding areas eradicates larvae (1), planting eucalyptus trees
to soak up moisture removes breeding ground (1). Water can also be
released from dams to drown immature larvae (1). Mustard seeds can be
used to drag larvae below the surface to drown them (1). Small fish can be
introduced to eat larvae and provide a cheap protein source (1). Genetic
engineering of sterile male mosquitoes reduces mosquitoes (1).
Health education teaches people about how to protect themselves from
being bitten (1). Preventative bed nets are cheap and effective at stopping
mosquitos biting at night (1). New treatments have also been developed
which seem to be more effective such as artemesinin/ACT because malaria
parasite is not yet resistant to them (1) .

Question 3

Study Diagram Q14A.
Describe, in detail, the distribution of worldwide child deaths under the age
of 5. (4)
Q14ASQANAT52014

Answer 3

More children under the age of 5 die in developing countries (1). African
countries have the most number of child deaths under the age of 5 (1).
Many African countries have between 100-199 child deaths under the age
of 5 (1) eg Sudan (1). There are mostly between 10-49 child deaths per
1,000 in Asia (1) eg Russia and China (1). There are typically between 10-
49 child deaths under the age of 5 in South America (1) except Bolivia (1)
which has between 50-99 (1). The continents of North America and Europe
have the least number of child deaths (1). There are less than 10 child
deaths under the age of 5 in many developed countries (1) eg UK (1).

Question 4

Look at Diagram Q14B.
Explain methods used to limit the spread of AIDS in developed and developing
countries(6)
Q14BSQANAT52014

Answer 4

Health Education programmes have been introduced to limit the spread of
AIDS in Developing and Developed countries (1). ARV drugs are also more
freely available (1). Condoms are available for free (1) and TV and Radio
advertising has been used to get the message across (1). Agencies such as
the World Bank have made funding available to Developing Countries to
tackle the disease (1). In Developed Countries, needle exchanges (1) and
drug therapy programmes (1) have been introduced.