Health Models

Question 1

Biomedical Model

Answer 1

• single factor model
• believes illness occurs due to biological malfunction.
• mind body dualism
• emphasis on illness over health

Question 2

Biopsychosocial Model

Answer 2

• fundamental assumption that illness and health are consequences of the interplay between, social, psychological and biological processes.

Question 3

Health belief model

Answer 3

Suggests that health behaviours are predicted by four factors:
•Perceived susceptibility to a health threat
•Perceived seriousness/severity of a health threat
•Benefits and barriers of undertaking particular health behaviours
•Cues to action

Question 4

protection motivation theory of health

Answer 4

Health Belief Model + self-efficacy

Question 5

theory of reasoned action

Answer 5

an individual’s attitudes toward health behaviour and subjective norms influence their intentions to perform the behaviour

Question 6

theory of planned behaviour

Answer 6

Theory of Reasoned Action + perceived behavioural control

Question 7

transtheoretical model

Answer 7

Stages of Change 
	–Precontemplation 
	–Contemplation 
	–Preparation 
	–Action 
	–Maintenance 
•Tailoring messaging depending on a person’s readiness for change

Question 8

barriers of modifying poor health behaviours

Answer 8

Poor health habits become ingrained
-very difficult to change
-Cumulative damage
-isn’t evident for years
-Unhealthy behaviours
-can be pleasurable and addictive
Health habits are only modestly related to each other

Question 9

instability of health behaviours

Answer 9

Different health habits are controlled by different factors
Different factors control the same behaviour for different people
Factors may change over the history of the behaviour
Factors change across a lifetime
Health behaviour patterns vary substantially across the lifetime for each person

Question 10

problem focused coping strategies

Answer 10

changing the stressor

Question 11

motivational interviewing

Answer 11

“People are generally better persuaded by the reasons which they have themselves discovered, than by those which have come into the mind of others.”