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Intro to Equine Science > Health Management > Flashcards

Health Management Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are some ways a horse can get an infectious disease?

A

pathogen in the environment, other animals, parasitic, bacterial and viral

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2
Q

what are some ways a horse can het a non-infectious disease?

A

environmental conditions; management, genetic, nutritional

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3
Q

non-infectious diseases are not often cured by what?

A

meds

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4
Q

what were the two examples listed as non-infectious diseases?

A

herda, rain rot

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5
Q

what is the best way to help prevent breakouts of diseases in herds?

A

sanitation

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6
Q

what should you do with new or sick horses in your herd?

A

isolate

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7
Q

what does lethargy mean?

A

lack of energy

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8
Q

signs of respiratory illness

A

lethargy, nasal discharge, pus in eye, cough, fever

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9
Q

equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4; nasal discharge and abortion in the 8th to 11th month or weak foal

A

rhinopneumonitis

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10
Q

high fever, cough, nasal discharge

A

influenza

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11
Q

foal pneumonia

A

rhodococcus

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12
Q

streptococcus bacterium, young horses most susceptible, high temperature, abscesses, vaccination when epidemic breaks out

A

strangles

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13
Q

“lock jaw” caused by clostridium tenant, “nerve-tissue poison”

A

tetanus

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14
Q

clostridium botulinum, “shaker foal syndrome” adults exhibit paralysis, staggers

A

botulism

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15
Q

“sleeping sickness” fever, trouble seeing, stagger, (WEE, EEE, VEE)

A

encephalomyelitis

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16
Q

swamp fever, viral disease, fever, anemia, weight loss, edema, and death, coggins test

A

equine infectious anemia (EIA)

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17
Q

symptoms develop between 3-14 days after being bitten by affected mosquito; ataxia, depression, weakness of limbs, partial paralysis and death

A

west nile virus

18
Q

water and feed contaminated by protozoa, muscle atrophy, ataxia, similar to other problems, treatment is $$$

A

Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis

19
Q

what are three annual shots?

A

eastern, western, encephalomyelitis

20
Q

annual (toxoid) or at time of injury (antitoxin)

A

tetanus

21
Q

equine herpesvirus type 1 and 4, 5, 7, 9 months are often in high risk areas

A

rhinopneumonitis

22
Q

west nile virus

check for epidemic areas

A

west nile virus

23
Q

annually or more often put in high risk situations

A

influenza

24
Q

what are parasites?

A

small organisms that live on or in a host organism and derive their food from it

25
Q

parasites can be what?

A

detrimental or beneficial; must control harmful parasites

26
Q

parasite infestations can do what?

A

reduce growth, performance, digestive efficiency, lower visual appeal, damage to organs, fatal sometimes

27
Q

symptoms of parasite infections?

A

weakness, poor body condition, emaciation, potbelly, tucked up flanks, rough hair coat, slow growth

28
Q

ticks, lice, chiggers, gnats, mosquitos, flies are what type of parasites?

A

external

29
Q

among the largest parasites, problem in young horses, older horses develop immunity, damage everything in the body, coughing and nasal secretions seen in infected foals, eggs are very resistant to environmental conditions and can live for years, keep environment free from egg contamination and deworm

A

ascarids (roundworms)

30
Q

54 species of large and small infest horses, small less pathogenic than large
large cause arterial damage and small blood clots in arteries
grazing with cattle and sheep are helpful because they eat the eggs and still function as normal, routine deworming

A

strongyles

31
Q

not very damaging to the horses, causes an itching sensation around the anus area, so horse rubs tail

A

pinworms

32
Q

foals are very susceptible, causes “foal heat scours” in young foals, disappears when foal acquires immunity (~6 months old)

A

threadworms

33
Q

attack to stomach wall (or remain free), responsible for “summer sores

A

stomach worms

34
Q

3 species of botflies affect horses, damage to stomach

A

stomach bots

35
Q

infestation frequency is low in most areas, horses doesn’t usually show clinical signs

A

tapeworms

36
Q

fecal removal and disposal, regular deworming, pasture rotation and management, keeping fly populations down are all ways to help what?

A

parasite control

37
Q

popular, kills invading larvae

A

ivermectin

38
Q

good expect for bots and stomach worms

A

benzimidazoles (fenbendazole)

39
Q

good for bots and stomach worms

A

organophosphates

40
Q

resistance is always a what?

A

threat

41
Q

you need to do what with your dewormers?

A

rotate

Intro to Equine Science (13 decks)

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