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KIN 370 > Health Behaviors > Flashcards

Health Behaviors Flashcards

1
Q

Acute Ilness/Disorder

A

short-term medical illnesses often result of viral/bacterial invader

  • usually curable
  • major COD until 20th C
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2
Q

Most important factor giving rise to health psychology?

A

change in illness patterns in technologically advanced societies

  • shift from acute to chronic diseases has helped develop health psych since psychological & social factors are often implicated in cause
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3
Q

Chronic Illness

A

slowly developing & long-term diseases

  • often uncurable & can only be managed
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4
Q

Chronic Illness → Costs to HC System

A

rapidly rising costs

2000 - 2010:

  • Canada → 9 - 11%
  • USA → 13 - 18%

→ chronic diseases require continual treatment & monitoring

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5
Q

Health Behaviors

  • definition
    • ___ ___, ___ ____ & ___ ___ _, ___ & ____ that relate to… ___ ___, ___ & ___.
A

personal attributes (such as beliefs, expectations, motives, values, perceptions & other cognitive elements),

personality characteristics, (including affective & emotional states & traits)

& overt behavior patterns, actions & habits that relate to health maintenance, restoration & improvement.

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6
Q

Health Behavior

  • simple definition
A

behaviors undertaken by people to enhance or maintain health

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7
Q

Health Habits

A

health-related behavior that is firmly established & often performed automatically, without awareness

  • develop in childhood & stabilize around age 11/12
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8
Q

Types of Health Behaviors (3)

A

1) Preventative
2) Illness
3) Sick-role

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9
Q

1) Preventative

A

any activity undertaken by individual who believes themselves to be healthy

  • for purpose of preventing/detecting illness in asymptomatic state
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10
Q

2) Illness

A

any activity undertaken by individual who percieves themselves to be ill

  • to define state of health
  • to discover suitable remedy
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11
Q

2) Illness Health Behavior

  • refers to?
  • crucial premise?
A
  • way in which symptoms are percieved, evaluated & acted upon by person experiencing pain/discomfort or signs of organic malfunction
  • illness & illness experience are shaped by sociocultural & social-psychological factors
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12
Q

3) Sick-role
* define “sick-role”

A

any activity undertaken by individual who considers themselves to be ill for purpose of getting well

Sick-role: social role characterized by certain exemptions/rights/obligations & shaped by society & cultural tradition

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13
Q

Behaviour is viewed as affecting & being affected by …

A

multiple levels of influence

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14
Q

Focus of Health Psych (4)

A

1) Health Promotion
2) Prevention & Treatment
3) Etiology & Correlates of Health, Illness, & Dysfunction
4) Health Care Systems & Formulation of Health Policy

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15
Q

2) Prevention & Treatment
* (2) types of primary prevention

A

1) behavior change methods
2) preventative

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16
Q

3) Etiology & Correlates of Health, Illness, & Dysfunction

A

examining behavioral factors that contribute to health/illness/dysfunction

17
Q

4) Health Care Systems & Formulation of Health Policy

A

study of the impact of health institutions & health professionals on people’s behavior

  • develop recommendations for improving health
18
Q

Health Education

A

attempts to close gap between what is known about optimum health practice & what is actually practiced

  • aimed at bringing about behavioral change in individuals/society (away from behaviors presumed detrimental & towards healthy ones)
19
Q

Health Promotion

  • core belief
  • definition (5)
A

core belief that good health is a personal & collective achievement

  • process of enabling people to improve & increase control over their health
  • commitment to deal with challenges of reducing inequities
  • extending scope of prevention
  • helping people cope
  • creating environments conducive to health
20
Q

Role/Significance of Behavioural Factors (4)

A
  1. Reduce deaths due to lifestyle related diseases
  2. Increased individual longevity (delay time of death)
  3. May increase # of years a person can live without complications of chronic disease
  4. potentially reduce costs & strain on HC system
21
Q

Levels of Influence (5)

A
  1. Intrapersonal
  2. Interpersonal
  3. Institutional
  4. Community
  5. Public policy
22
Q
  1. Intrapersonal
A

individual factors

23
Q
  1. Interpersonal
A

family, friends, etc.

24
Q
  1. Institutional
A

organizational factors (how they encourage/discourage adoption of HB)

  • hospitals
  • government
  • educational institutions
25
Q
  1. Community
A

community programming

  • trends
26
Q
  1. Public policy
A

Governmental

  • policy dictates how institutions treat issues
27
Q

Changing Health Behaviors

factors to consider (12)

A
  1. Demographic
  2. Age
  3. Gender
  4. Values
  5. Personal Control
  6. Social Influences
  7. Personal Goals
  8. Perceived Symptoms
  9. Access
  10. Place/Location
  11. Education/Cognitive Factors
  12. Supportive Environment
28
Q
  1. Demographic
  2. Age
  3. Gender
A

1) race, SES, age, gender

29
Q
  1. Values
  2. Personal Control
A

4) cultural & personal values
5) percieved locus of control over one’s health

30
Q
  1. Social Influences
  2. Personal Goals
A

6) family, friends, peers, media
7) motivation

31
Q
  1. Perceived Symptoms
  2. Access
A

8) more likely for people to engage in health behavior that is beleived to reduce percieved symptoms
* asymptomatic people may not deal with health issues
9) access to HC delivery systems

32
Q
  1. Place/Location
  2. Education/Cognitive Factors
  3. Supportive Environment
A

10) rural vs. urban
11) health literacy
12) social support network, community resources

33
Q

Barriers to Changing Health Behaviors

(3)

A

1) little immediate incentive
2) long-term cumulative damage may not be apparent for years
3) resistant to change → unwilling to change bad habit (may be enjoyable, addictive etc.)

34
Q
A

KIN 370 (14 decks)

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