Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Flashcards
Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)
- Overview
Stages model
- many different versions of theory
- different names for same constructs
proposes at least 2 distinct phases/stages:
(1) Motivation phase (pre-intentional)
(2) Volition phase (self-regulatory or action)
HAPA
- (2) distinct phases
1) Motivation phase → pre-intentional
2) Volition phase → self-regulatory or action
1) Motivation phase → pre-intentional
-
(3) variables directly influence intentions (goals)
- model suggests?
a) Risk Perception
b) Outcome Expectancies
c) Self-Efficacy
→ suggests a causal order among these 3 predictors
1) Motivation Phase
- describes?
- most important factor(s)
- Explain
- What closes this phase?
describes what people choose to do
ruled more by SE than OE
- quality of action plans depend on perceived SE (competance/experience)
forming explicit behavioral intention (goal) closes this phase
- without explicit intentions, changes in habitual behaviors are unlikely to occur
1) Motivation phase → pre-intentional
* Individuals form intention (goals) to?
Individuals form an intention to either..
- adopt a precautionary measure
OR
- change risk behavior
HAPA Model
- suggests a causal order among the 3 predictors of intentions (goals) → EXPLAIN
threat (risk perception) is distal antecedant that…
→ helps stimulate outcome expectancies
→ which further stimulates self-efficacy
- people who have higher risk perceptions will consequently develop more favorable OE & thus develop a higher level of SE*
- ↑ Risk perceptions → ↑ OE → ↑ SE*
2) Volition Phase → Self-regulatory/Action
* subdivided into (3) phases
descriptions of this phase focus on cognitions involved in initiating & controlling action
a) Planning
b) Initiation
c) Maintenance
Self-Efficacy → Significance to HAPA
regarded as having a key role in ALL phases
- leads to notion of “phase-specific” SE
HAPA → Main Assertion
The adoption, initiation & maintenance of health behaviours must be explicitly conceived as a process that consists of at least a motivation phase & a volition phase
Self-Efficacy & Outcome Expectancies
- significance
- Explain
viewed as major predictors of intentions
OE
- positive & negative OE are deliberated & balanced
- ↑ percieved beneficial OE → ↑ inclination to change behavior
SE
- lack of belief in capability to perform desired action → failure to adopt, initiate & maintain it
Persuasive Communications
message must be framed in way that allows individuals to draw on coping resources & exercise skills to control health threats
focus on self-perceptions of personal coping abilities to manage effective precautionary strategies
minimum level of threat must exist before ppl start contemplating benefits of possible actions (OE) & competance to perform (SE)
2) Volition Phase
- describes?
- covers which processes?
describes attempted effort (how hard they try) & how long they persist
covers processes of implementing intentions into actual behaviors
→ initiation, maintenance & recovery
- once intention to change behavior is formed, change must be planned/initiated, maintained & relapse managed
What plays important role in Volition Phase?
Self-regulatory Processes
- the focus of this phase
Self-regulatory Processes
cognitions that instigate, control & maintain action
Volition Phase
→ Self-Regulatory Cognitions that control & maintain behavior must be activated when?
when action has been initiated
- action must be protected from old habits, situational barriers & distracting secondary action tendencies
