head & neck cancer Flashcards
what is the most common type of H&N cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma
what does type of cancer does EBV cause?
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
what cancer does cigarettes and alcohol cause?
laryngeal carcinoma
what cancer can HPV and non-smoker cause?
oropharyngeal cancer
what cancer can southern asia and chewing tobacco cause?
oral cavity carcinoma
how does H&N cancer present?
dystonia >3 weeks
dysphagia (progressive)
odynophagia (sore)
unilateral otalgia (referred pain)
neck lump
airway obstruction (stridor)
which lymph nodes will be spread to if it’s supra-glottic?
superior deep cervical nodes
what lymph nodes will be spread to if it’s glottic?
present on cords
voice changes
minimal lymphatic changes
what lymph nodes will be spread to if its sub-glottic?
paratracheal nodes
what investigation is used to confirm diagnosis?
biopsy (FNAC)
what investigation is used to determine stage?
CT neck & chest, MRI (nasopharynx &tongue)
what is the management?
treat symptoms
what is the management of T1/T2 laryngeal cancer?
transoral laser surgery
radiotherapy
what is the management of T3/T4 laryngeal cancer?
surgery (partial/total)
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
what is the treatment of T1/T2 oropharyngeal cancer?
chemo-radiotherapy
transoral surgery
what is the management of T3/T4 oropharyngeal cancer?
chemo-radiotherapy
what is the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer?
chemo-radiotherapy
