dizziness Flashcards
what are the buzzwords for vertigo?
illusion of spinning
falling
being pushed
what is the buzzword for BPPV?
dizzy rolling over in bed
what is benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV)?
CaCO3 crystals in utricle become dislodged and fall into semi-circular canals when lying down/rolling over
what investigations are used for BPPV?
dix hallpike test
torsional (+vertical) nystagmus
what is the management for BPPV?
repositioning manoeuvre
- epley manoeuvre (at surgery)
- Brandt-Daroff (exercise at home)
what is vestibular neuronitis?
inflammation of vestibular nerve
what is labyrinthitis?
inflammation of vestibulocochlear nerve
what is the cause of VN and L?
viral
what are the symptoms of vestibular neuronitis?
first attack is severe, lasts hours
nausea and vomiting
what are the symptoms of labyrinthitis?
vestibular neuronitis + hearing loss/tinnitus
what do both VN and labyrinthitis cause?
prolonged vertigo
what is the management of VN and labyrinthitis?
self limits
3 days bed, 3 weeks off, 3 months imbalance
vestibular sedatives (cinnarizine (anti-histamine))
what is meniere’s disease?
too much fluid in ear leading to increased pressure which causes swelling and inflammation
what will a patient with meniere’s disease PMHx look like?
recurrent, spontaneous, rotational vertigo
what are the symptoms of meniere’s disease?
tinnitus
aural fullness on affected side
what is the management of meniere’s disease?
basic - prevention, cinnarizine, hearing aids
severe - intratympanic steroid, intratympanic gentamicin
what is the adverse effect of intratympanic gentamicin?
destroys vestibular epithelium
what are the signs of migraine and vertigo?
motion sickiness
dislike loud sounds and bright lights
