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Minor Health Illnesses and MSK > Head injuries and cranial nerves > Flashcards

Head injuries and cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are good questions to ask for head injury history?

A

LOC
Vomiting
Amnesia
Bleeding disorder
Mechanism
Previous injury
Age 65
Drugs/alcohol

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2
Q

What is the olfactory cranial nerve and its number?

A

C1

Transmits the sense of smell

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3
Q

What are the optic and oculomotor cranial nerves and what are their numbers?

A

Optic is C2
Oculomotor is C3
Both transmit visual information to the brain

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4
Q

What is the Oculomotor cranial nerve and what is its number

A

C3

Innovates eye muscles

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5
Q

What is the trochlear cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C4

Innervates the superior oblique muscle

(looking toward nose)

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6
Q

What is the trigeminal cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C5

Receives sensation from the face and innovates the muscles of mastication

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7
Q

What is the abducens cranial nerve and what number is it?

A

C6

Innovates the lateral rectus

Looking outward

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8
Q

What is the Facial nerve and what number is it?

A

C7

Provides motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression

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9
Q

What is the vestibulocochlear cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C8

Senses sound, rotation and gravity

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10
Q

What is the glossopharyngeal cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C9

Motor: Pharyngeal musculature

Sensory: posterior part of tongue, tonsil and pharynx

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11
Q

What is the Vagus cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C10

Motor : Heart, lungs, bronchi

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12
Q

What is the cranial accessory cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C11

Controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

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13
Q

What is the hypoglossal cranial nerve and what is its number?

A

C12

Provides motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue

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14
Q

What should you look out for in regard to the 3rd, 4th and 6th cranial nerve tests?

A

Ptosis (drooping of upper eyelid)
Nystagmus
Paralysis

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15
Q

How do you test the first cranial nerve?

A

Olfactory nerve

Ask the patient if they have noticed any recent changes to their sense of smell.

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16
Q

How do you asses the second cranial nerve?

A

Optic nerve

Visually assess pupils
Pen torch to look for symmetry

If one pupil is bigger than other then problem with cranial nerve

17
Q

How do you asses the 3rd, 4th ad 6th cranial nerves?

A

OCULOMOTOR,
TROCHLEAR AND ABDUCENS

Ptosis (eyelid drooping)
Abnormal eye movements

18
Q

How do you asses the 5th cranial nerves?

A

Trigeminal

Sensory assessment:
- Gently touch patients face on their forehead, cheek and lower jaw. Check for sensation

Motor:
- Assess for chewing muscles
-Apply pressure under jaw and ask pt to keep mouth open
-Ask pt to clench teeth and feel for muscles

19
Q

How do you asses the 7th cranial nerve?

A

Facial

  • BIG SMILE
  • FROWN AND RAISE EYEBROWS
  • PUFF OUT BOTH CHEEKS
  • SCREW EYES TIGHTLY SHUT AND THEN RESIST EYES BEING OPENED
20
Q

Can pts with bells palsy move their eyebrows?

A

Only the unaffected side

21
Q

How do you test for the 9th and 10th cranial nerve?

A

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL AND
VAGUS

Inspect pts uvula and soft pallet.

Can pt swallow

Midline uvula

22
Q

How do you test for the 8th cranial nerve?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Whisper something random and get the, to whisper it back, rinnes test or the webers test (tuning fork tests)

23
Q

What is the abbreviated mental test?

A

A test for confusion, a score of below 8 indicates confusion.

Questions:

  • HOW OLD ARE YOU?
  • WHAT TIME IS IT?
  • WHAT YEAR IS IT?
  • WHERE ARE WE NOW?
  • WHO AM I AND WHO IS THIS (OTHER PERSON)?
  • WHAT IS YOUR DATE OF BIRTH?
  • WHEN DID WWII START (OR OTHER APPROPRIATE EVENT)?
  • WHO IS THE PRIME MINISTER?
  • COUNT BACKWARDS FROM 20.
  • REMEMBER AN ADDRESS.
24
Q

What is the babinskis reflex?

A

TEST OF THE PLANTAR REFLEX. WITH A POINTED IMPLEMENT DRAW A LINE UP
THE LATERAL EDGE OF THE SOLE OF THE FOOT AND THEN ACROSS THE BALL OF
THE FOOT.
* PLANTAR FLEXION- NORMAL RESPONSE
* DORSIFLEXION- ABNORMAL RESPONSE. THIS IS A POSITIVE BABINSKI’S
REFLEX AND INDICATES A DISTURBANCE IN THE MOTOR RESPONSE OF THE
CNS, EXCEPT IN CHILDREN UNDER 2 FOR WHOM IT IS A NORMAL RESPONSE.
CAN BE PERFORMED ON THE UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT.

25
Q

What is the dolls eye reflex?

A

When the eyes move in the opposite direction to head movement.

26
Q

What is the pneumonic to remember cranial nerves?

A

Oh
Oh
Oh
To
Touch
And
Feel
Virgin
Girls
Vagina
And
Hymen

27
Q

What is the pneumonic to remember if the cranial nerves affect motor or sensory?

A

Some
Say
Money
Matters
But
My
Brother
Says
Big
Boobs
Matter
Most

(S = Sensory, M = Motor )

Minor Health Illnesses and MSK (9 decks)

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