Head, Face, Neck, Lymph Ch. 14

Question 1

List the cranial bones

List the sutures

Answer 1

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid

Question 2

Which cranial nerve mediates facial muscles and expressions?

Answer 2

CN VII: Facial

Question 3

Which carotid artery supplies the brain? Which one supplies the face, salivary glands, and superficial temporal area?

Answer 3

Internal Carotid: brain

External Carotid: Face, salivary glands, superficial temporal area

Question 4

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternomastoid and the trapezius muscles?

Answer 4

CN XI: spinal accessory

Question 5

What does the thyroid gland synthesize/secrete?

Answer 5

T4 and T3

Question 6

List the locations of the 10 major lymph nodes

Answer 6

Preauricular: in front of ear

Posterior auricular: superficial to mastoid process

Occipital: base of skull

Submental: under chin

Submandibular: halfway between angle and tip of mandible

Jugulodigastric: upper angle of mandible

Superficial Cervical: overlying sternomastoid muscle

Deep cervical: deep under sternomastoid muscle

Posterior Cervical: in posterior triangle along edge of trapezius muscle

Supraclavicular: above/behind clavicle at sternomastoid muscle

Question 7

What facial feature changes are expected with aging adults?

Answer 7

Facial bones/orbits become more prominent

Skin sags, decreased elasticity/fat/moisture

Lower face may look smaller if teeth have been lost

Question 8

How are headaches classified?

When is the term “chronic migraine” used?

Headaches are the leading cause of ____________ and lost _______

Answer 8

How often they happen, etiology

when headaches/migraines happen more than 15 days/month

Acute pain, productivity

Question 9

Define normocephalic

Answer 9

A round and symmetric skull upon inspection & palpation

Question 10

Which cranial bones have normal protrusions?

Answer 10

Forehead, lateral edge of parietal bones, occipital bone, mastoid process

Question 11

How is the temporal area palpated?

Answer 11

Palpate temporal artery above zygomatic bone between eye and top of ear

Question 12

Define exophthalmos

Answer 12

Bulging eyes

Question 13

How many involuntary movements (tics) in facial muscles is considered normal?

Answer 13

None

Question 14

How should lymph nodes in a healthy normal person feel?

Answer 14

You shouldn’t be able to feel them at all

Question 15

Is easy palpation of the thyroid gland normal or abnormal?

Answer 15

Abnormal

Question 16

What should be done next if the thyroid is found to be enlarged upon palpation?

Answer 16

Auscultate thyroid for bruit

Question 17

Define bruit

Answer 17

Plaque buildup in blood vessels- whooshing sound

Question 18

What are some signs of Graves Disease?

Answer 18

Physical presentation in face and neck:

Goiter
Eyelid retraction
Exophthalmos

Question 19

What are some signs of hypothyroidism?

Answer 19

Physical presentation in neck and face:

Puffy edematous face

periorbital edema

course facial features

course hair/eyebrows

Question 20

Explain Acromegaly

Answer 20

Elongated head, massive overgrowth of facial features

Question 21

Explain cushing syndrome

Answer 21

“moonlike” face, red cheeks, hirsutism

Question 22

How can you check for signs of a stroke?

Answer 22

unequal facial movement when asked to smile and frown

Question 23

Explain parkinson syndrome

Answer 23

“Masklike” appearance- blank, staring, elevated eyebrows, possible drooling or oily skin

Question 24

Explain cachectic appearance

Answer 24

Sunken eyes, , malnourished, defeated expression

accompanies chronic wasting diseases

Question 25

Explain Bell palsy

Answer 25

paralysis on one side of face due to LMN lesion

Question 26

Explain the summary checklist for the head, face, neck, and lymph assessment

Answer 26

1. Inspect/palpate the skin and temporal artery/temporomandibular joint
2. Inspect/palpate the face (cranial nerve 7)
3. Inspect/palpate the neck
4. Auscultate thyroid is enlarged for bruit