General Survey & Interview: Ch. 3, 9

Question 1

What areas does a general survey include?

Answer 1

Physical Appearance
Body structure
Mobility
behavior

Question 2

What is observed regarding physical appearance in a general survey?

Answer 2

Age
Sex
Facial features (symmetrical with movement)
Level of Consciousness
Skin Color
Overall Appearance/distress

Question 3

What is observed regarding body structure in a general survey?

Answer 3

Stature
Nutrition (weight distribution)
Posture
Position
Symmetry (bilateral proportions)

Question 4

What is observed regarding mobility in a general survey?

Answer 4

Gait
Foot placement
Range of Motion

Question 5

What is observed regarding behavior in a general survey?

Answer 5

Facial Expression
Speech
Mood/Affect
Dress
Hygiene

Question 6

What is the purpose of the interview?

Answer 6

To build trust, rapport, data, compilation of subjective data and awareness of objective data

Question 7

What are the 5 successful interview characteristics?

Answer 7

Gather: data/health status
Establish: trust
Teach: the patient about their health
Build: rapport
Discuss: health promotion and disease prevention

Question 8

What are the 7 Interview Contract Terms?

Answer 8

Location
Explanation
Purpose
Time Frame
Participation
Confidentiality
Cost

Question 9

Explain the differences between verbal and nonverbal communication during an interview

Answer 9

Verbal= spoken words and tone

Nonverbal= body language, facial expression, eye contact

Question 10

What are the internal factors during the process of communication?

Answer 10

Factors specific to the healthcare worker to maximize communication skills:

Using a genuine approach
Empathy
Listening with an “active” process
Self-awareness of biases

Question 11

What are the external factors during the process of communication?

Answer 11

Factors that define the environment to foster communication:

Privacy- geographic and psychological
Avoiding Interruptions
Physical- equal status seating
Dress
Note-taking- minimized to ensure focus on patient

Question 12

What is the EHR

Answer 12

Electronic Health Record

-computer of patient records

Question 13

Should the introduction to the interview be short or long?

Answer 13

Short and formal, follow your own script

Question 14

What is the working phase of the interview?

Answer 14

The data-gathering phase
Bulk of interview

Question 15

What types of questions are asked during an interview?

Answer 15

Closed- asks for specific information that leads to a forced choice

“Are you wearing any shoes right now?”

Open-ended- asks for narrative information

“What kind of shoes are most comfortable for you?”

Question 16

What are the 9 types of verbal response?

Answer 16

Facilitation: encourages patient to say more

Silence- directed attentiveness

Reflection- echoing to help express meaning

Empathy- expressing a feeling

Clarification- asking for confirmation

Confrontation- clarifying inconsistent information

Interpretation- Makes association to identify cause or conclusion

Explanation- informing person by sharing factual and objective information

Summary- provides conclusion based on verified information to transition out of the interview process

Question 17

What are the 10 traps of interviewing?

Answer 17

False assurance/reassurance
Unwanted advice
Authority
Avoidance language
Engaging in distancing
Using professional jargon
Leading/biased questions
Talking too much
Interrupting
“Why” questions

Question 18

Why are “why” questions not a good idea?

Answer 18

If the patient doesn’t know, they may make something up

Can come across as judgmental

Question 19

What can be said instead of a “why” question?

Answer 19

“Ok, tell me more about that”

Question 20

What does facial expression reflect?

Answer 20

Emotion and culture

-husband might talk for wife

Question 21

How should an interview be closed?

Answer 21

Ending should be gradual
No new topics introduced
Summary provided as a final statement

“Do you have any questions for me?”

Question 22

Why does the interview process often take longer with an older adult?

Answer 22

Physical limitations/slow movement

Increased processing time necessary to answer questions

May have more information to provide

Question 23

How can empathy be provided to an older adult?

Answer 23

Therapeutic touch, shoulder pat, hand touch, etc

Question 24

What is an interesting factor that goes into an interpreter being chosen for an interview?

Answer 24

Same gender as patient

Question 25

What is the health literacy used in patient communication called?

Answer 25

3rd Grader Language

Question 26

How can we help improve our patient’s health literacy?

Answer 26

Oral teaching, easy instructions, no medical jargon, written materials, teach-back method

Question 27

What does SBAR stand for and what is it used for?

Answer 27

Standardized communication between professionals

Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation/Request

Question 28

Explain SBAR

Answer 28

Situation: brief description of the patient variables, diagnosis, location

Background: pertinent history as it relates to current health status

Assessment: State pertinent assessment findings

Recommendation or Request: What do you need/want for the patient in medical terms/assistance?