General Survey & Interview: Ch. 3, 9 Flashcards
What areas does a general survey include?
Physical Appearance
Body structure
Mobility
behavior
What is observed regarding physical appearance in a general survey?
Age
Sex
Facial features (symmetrical with movement)
Level of Consciousness
Skin Color
Overall Appearance/distress
What is observed regarding body structure in a general survey?
Stature
Nutrition (weight distribution)
Posture
Position
Symmetry (bilateral proportions)
What is observed regarding mobility in a general survey?
Gait
Foot placement
Range of Motion
What is observed regarding behavior in a general survey?
Facial Expression
Speech
Mood/Affect
Dress
Hygiene
What is the purpose of the interview?
To build trust, rapport, data, compilation of subjective data and awareness of objective data
What are the 5 successful interview characteristics?
Gather: data/health status
Establish: trust
Teach: the patient about their health
Build: rapport
Discuss: health promotion and disease prevention
What are the 7 Interview Contract Terms?
Location
Explanation
Purpose
Time Frame
Participation
Confidentiality
Cost
Explain the differences between verbal and nonverbal communication during an interview
Verbal= spoken words and tone
Nonverbal= body language, facial expression, eye contact
What are the internal factors during the process of communication?
Factors specific to the healthcare worker to maximize communication skills:
Using a genuine approach
Empathy
Listening with an “active” process
Self-awareness of biases
What are the external factors during the process of communication?
Factors that define the environment to foster communication:
Privacy- geographic and psychological
Avoiding Interruptions
Physical- equal status seating
Dress
Note-taking- minimized to ensure focus on patient
What is the EHR
Electronic Health Record
-computer of patient records
Should the introduction to the interview be short or long?
Short and formal, follow your own script
What is the working phase of the interview?
The data-gathering phase
Bulk of interview
What types of questions are asked during an interview?
Closed- asks for specific information that leads to a forced choice
“Are you wearing any shoes right now?”
Open-ended- asks for narrative information
“What kind of shoes are most comfortable for you?”
What are the 9 types of verbal response?
Facilitation: encourages patient to say more
Silence- directed attentiveness
Reflection- echoing to help express meaning
Empathy- expressing a feeling
Clarification- asking for confirmation
Confrontation- clarifying inconsistent information
Interpretation- Makes association to identify cause or conclusion
Explanation- informing person by sharing factual and objective information
Summary- provides conclusion based on verified information to transition out of the interview process
What are the 10 traps of interviewing?
False assurance/reassurance
Unwanted advice
Authority
Avoidance language
Engaging in distancing
Using professional jargon
Leading/biased questions
Talking too much
Interrupting
“Why” questions
Why are “why” questions not a good idea?
If the patient doesn’t know, they may make something up
Can come across as judgmental
What can be said instead of a “why” question?
“Ok, tell me more about that”
What does facial expression reflect?
Emotion and culture
-husband might talk for wife
How should an interview be closed?
Ending should be gradual
No new topics introduced
Summary provided as a final statement
“Do you have any questions for me?”
Why does the interview process often take longer with an older adult?
Physical limitations/slow movement
Increased processing time necessary to answer questions
May have more information to provide
How can empathy be provided to an older adult?
Therapeutic touch, shoulder pat, hand touch, etc
What is an interesting factor that goes into an interpreter being chosen for an interview?
Same gender as patient
What is the health literacy used in patient communication called?
3rd Grader Language
How can we help improve our patient’s health literacy?
Oral teaching, easy instructions, no medical jargon, written materials, teach-back method
What does SBAR stand for and what is it used for?
Standardized communication between professionals
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation/Request
Explain SBAR
Situation: brief description of the patient variables, diagnosis, location
Background: pertinent history as it relates to current health status
Assessment: State pertinent assessment findings
Recommendation or Request: What do you need/want for the patient in medical terms/assistance?
