Head And Neck Muscles Flashcards
Trapezius
Origin: occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process
Insertion: spine of scapula, acromion, clavicle
Motions: rotational component
Upper fibers:
Bilaterally:
Extend Head and Neck
Unilaterally: Laterally Flex Head and Neck to Same Side Rotate Head and Neck to Opposite Side Scapula Elevation Scapula Rotational Elevation
Middle Fibers:
Scapula Retraction
Scapula Stabilize
Lower fibers:
Scapula Depression
Scapula Rotational Elevation
Nerve: Accessory (Cranial nerve XI)
Levator Scapula
Origin: upper cervical vertebrae
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Motions: Unilaterally: Scapula Elevation Scapula Rotational Depression Laterally Flex Head and Neck Rotate Head and Neck to Same Side
Bilaterally:
Extend Head and Neck
Nerve:
Cervical Nerve, Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Rhomboid Minor
Origin: spinous process c7-t1
Insertion:upper portion of medial border of scapula
Motions:
Scapula Elevation
Scapula Retraction
Scapula Rotational Depression
Rhomboid Major
Origin: spinous process of T2-T5
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Motions:
Scapula Elevation
Scapula Retraction
Scapula Rotational Depression
Semispinalis Cervicis
Action:
Extend Vertebrae
Rotate Vertebrae to Opposite Side
Nerve:
Cervical Nerve
Semispinalis Capitis
Action:
Extend Vertebrae
Rotate Vertebrae to Opposite Side
Nerve:
Cervical Nerve
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Action:
Extend Head(rock and tilt the head back)
Rotate Head to Same Side
Nerve:
Suboccipital Nerve
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Action: Extend Head(rock and tilt the head back)
Nerve:
Suboccipital Nerve
Oblique Capitis Superior
Action:
Extend Head(rock and tilt the head back)
Laterally Flex Head to Same Side
Nerve:
Suboccipital Nerve
Oblique Capitis Inferior
Action:
Rotate Head to Same Side
Nerve:
Suboccipital Nerve
Splenius Capitis
Action:
Unilaterally:
Rotate Head/Neck to Same Side
Laterally Flex Head/Neckto Same Side
Bilaterally:
Extend Head/Neck
Nerve:
Cervical Nerve
Splenius Cervicis
Action:
Unilaterally:
Rotate Head/Neck to Same Side
Laterally Flex Head/Neck to Same Side
Bilaterally:
Extend Head/Neck
Nerve:
Cervical Nerve
Platysma
Action:
Depress Mandible(TM joint)
Tighten Fascia of Neck
Draw Down Corner of Mouth
Nerve:
Facial Nerve
Longus Capitis
Action:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Flex Head/Neck to Same Side
Rotate Head/Neck to Same Side
Bilaterally:
Flex Head/Neck
Nerve:
C1, 2, 3 (4)
Longus Colli
Action:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Flex Head/Neck to Same Side
Rotate Head/Neck to Same Side
Bilaterally:
Flex Head/Neck
Nerve:
C2-6 (7)
Scalenes (Anterior, Middle and Posterior Scalene)
All Scalenes:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Flex Head/Neck to Same Side
Rotate Head/Neck to Opposite Side
Bilaterally:
Elevates Ribs during Inhalation
Anterior Scalene
Flex Head/Neck
Nerve:
C(3), 4-8
Sternocleidomastoid
Actions:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Flex Head/Neck to Same Side
Rotate Head/Neck to Opposite Side
Bilaterally:
Flex Neck
Elevate Ribs during Inhalation
Nerve:
Spinal Accessory Nerve C(1) 2,3
Masseter
Action:
Elevate Mandible
Protract Mandible
Nerve:
Trigeminal Nerve
Temporalis
Action:
Elevate Mandible
Retract Mandible
Nerve:
Trigeminal Nerve
Medial Pterygoid
Action:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Deviate Mandible to Opposite Side
Bilaterally:
Elevate Mandible
Protract Mandible
Nerve:
Trigeminal Nerve
Lateral Pterygoid
Action:
Unilaterally:
Laterally Deviate Mandible to Opposite Side
Bilaterally:
Protract Mandible
Nerve:
Trigeminal Nerve
Digastric
Action:
Depress Mandible
Elevate Hyoid Bone
Retract Mandible
Nerve:
Anterior Belly: Trigeminal Nerve
Posterior Belly: Facial Nerve
Genioglossus
Action:
Protrusion and depression of tongue
Nerve: Hypoglossal nerve
Hyoglossus
Action:
Depresses Tongue
Retracts Tongue
Nerve:
Hypoglossal Nerve
Styloglossus
Action:
Retracts and elevates tongue, aids initiation of swallowing
Nerve:
Hypoglossal Nerve
palatoglossus
Action:
Elevates the Posterior Part of Tongue, aids initiation of swallowing.
Nerve:
Vagus Nerve
