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Dental Nursing 2014 > Head And Neck Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Head And Neck Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

What is the upper jaw know as?

A

Maxilla

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1
Q

What is this lower jaw known as?

A

Mandible.

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2
Q

Where is the frontal bone situated?

A

The forehead.

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3
Q

Where is the temporal bone situated?

A

The temples.

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4
Q

Where is the Ethmoid bone?

A

Immediately behind the nose.

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5
Q

How many bones is the maxilla made up of?

A

Two.

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6
Q

What is the maxilla separated by?

A

The nasal cavity.

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7
Q

Why are the maxilla bones hollow?

A

It would be too heavy to lift the head if they were solid.

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8
Q

What is vasoconstrictor?

A

Adrenaline

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9
Q

What is an injection into the bone referred to as?

A

Intraosseous

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10
Q

What is an injection into the ligaments referred to as?

A

Intraligament

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11
Q

What is an injection into the vein referred to as?

A

Intravenous

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12
Q

What is an injection into the lower jaw referred to as?

A

Inferior dental block

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13
Q

What is an injection into the upper jaw referred to as?

A

Infiltration

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14
Q

What is an injection into the pulp tissue referred to as?

A

Intrapulpal

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15
Q

What does a LA cartridge contain?

A
  • Anaesthetic
  • Sterile Water
  • Buffering Agents
  • Preservative
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16
Q

What does the TMJ contain?

A
  • Condyle head
  • Temporal bone
  • Articular eminence
  • Glenoid fossa
  • Mandible
  • Meniscus cartlidge
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17
Q

Where the TMJ formed?

A

Between the Condyle of the Mandible and the Temporal bone.

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18
Q

Where muscle of mastication is situated around the eye?

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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19
Q

Where is the infraorbital foramen situated?

A

Beneath the eye sockets.

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20
Q

The two bones of the mandible join together at which centre line?

A

Mental symphysis.

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21
Q

The ventricle part of the mandible is known as what?

A

The Ramus of the Mandible.

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22
Q

The horizontal section of the mandible is known as?

A

The Body of the Mandible.

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23
Q

What is the point where the horizontal and vertical sections meet known as?

A

Angle of the Mandible.

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24
Q

What is the point called where mandible connects with the temporal bone?

A

Head of the Condyle.

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25
Q

What runs alongside the lingual side of the mandible?

A

Mylohyoid Ridge

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26
Q

When the mouth is closed where does the coronoid process rest?

A

Under the Zygomatic Arch.

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27
Q

Where does the Condyle rest when the mouth is shut?

A

Glenoid Fossa

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28
Q

The front edge of the Glenoid Fossa is formed into a ridge. What is this referred to as?

A

The Articular Eminence.

29
Q

What is the fibrous tissues called between the temporal bone and the Condyle?

A

Meniscus.

30
Q

When is it called when the meniscus slips out of place?

A

Subluxation - jaw clicking.

31
Q

What is Trismus?

A

Painful contracture of the joint musculature which results in the inability to open the mouth fully.

32
Q

What is attrition?

A

Enamel wear due to constant grinding.

33
Q

Name the four sets of muscles of mastication?

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Masseter
  3. Lateral pterygoid
  4. Medial pterygoid
34
Q

The muscles of mastication receive nerve impulses from which cranial nerve?

A

Fifth Cranial Nerve (V cn)

35
Q

The muscles of mastication do not cause mouth opening. True or false?

A

True.

36
Q

What two points are the muscles of mastication connected to?

A

The Cranium and The Mandible.

37
Q

The point at which the muscles of mastication attach to the cranium is called what?

A

Point of origin.

38
Q

The point at which the muscles of mastication attach to the mandible is known as what?

A

Point of insertion.

39
Q

The mandible is not the only moveable bone of the the TMJ. True or False?

A

False. It is the only moveable bone in the TMJ.

40
Q

Where is the point of origin on the temporalis?

A

Temporal bone of the cranium.

41
Q

Which muscle of mastication has a point of insertion at the coronoid process?

A

Temporalis.

42
Q

What action does the temporalis work?

A

Pulls the mandible backwards and closed.

43
Q

Which muscle of mastications point of origin is on the outer surface of the zygomatic arch?

A

Masseter.

44
Q

Where is the masseters point of insertion?

A

The outer surface of madibular ramus and angle.

45
Q

The masseter closes the mandible. True or False?

A

True.

46
Q

What are the points of origin and insertion for the medial pterygoid?

A

Point of Origin - medial pterygoid plate at the base of the cranium
Point of Insertion - madibular ramus and angle

47
Q

What action does the medial pterygoid aid?

A

Closes the mandible.

48
Q

Which muscle of mastications point of origin is at the base of the cranium?

A

The Lateral Pterygoid - on the lateral pterygoid plate at the base of the cranium.

49
Q

The head of the mandibular condyle is the point of insertion for which muscle of mastication?

A

Lateral pterygoid

50
Q

Which action does the lateral pterygoid aid?

A

Brings the mandible forward.

51
Q

What do the suprahyoid muscles aid?

A

Opening the mouth.

52
Q

Name the three suprahyoid muscles.

A
  1. Anterior belly of digastric
  2. Mylohyoid
  3. Geniohyoid
53
Q

What are the four nerves most relevant to dentistry?

A
  • Trigeminal nerve (V cn)
  • Facial nerve (VII cn)
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Hypoglossal nerve
54
Q

How many branches does the maxillary division divide into?

A

Five.

55
Q

What are the five branches of the maxillary division?

A
  1. Anterior superior dental nerve
  2. Middle superior dental nerve
  3. Posterior superior dental nerve
  4. Greater palatine nerve
  5. Nasopalatine nerve
56
Q

What does the anterior superior nerve do?

A

Supplies sensation from the upper incisor and canine teeth.

57
Q

What does middle superior never do?

A

Supplies sensation from the upper premolar and the anterior half of the upper first molar.

58
Q

What does the posterior superior nerve do?

A

Supplies sensation from the posterior half of the first upper molar and the upper 7 and 8.

59
Q

What does the greater palatine nerve do?

A

Supplies sensation from the palatal gingivae of the upper molar, premolar and posterior half of the canine teeth.

60
Q

What does the nasopalatine nerve do?

A

Supplies sensation from the palatal gingivae of the upper incisor and anterior half of the canine teeth.

61
Q

What does the maxillary nerve leave the skull through?

A

The Foramen Rotundum.

62
Q

Before entering the orbit (eye socket) which nerve branches off?

A

The posterior superior dental nerve.

63
Q

Once the foramen enters the orbit, what nerves branch off?

A

Middle and anterior superior dental nerves.

64
Q

What does the mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve emerges from the skull through what?

A

The Foramen Ovale.

65
Q

How many branches does the Forman Ovale branch off into?

A

Four.

66
Q

What are the four nerves in the mandibular division?

A
  1. Inferior dental nerve
  2. Lingual nerve
  3. Long buccal nerve
  4. Motor branch
67
Q

Which nerve in the mandibular division supplies sensation from all the lower teeth EXCEPT the lower molars?

A

Inferior dental (alveolar) nerve.

68
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation from the floor of the mouth and the lingual gingivae of all lower teeth?

A

Lingual nerve.

69
Q

What does the long buccal nerve do?

A

Supplies sensation from the buccal gingivae of the lower molar teeth.

70
Q

What does the motor branch do?

A

Supplies sensation to the muscles of mastication to effect jaw closing and chewing movements.

71
Q

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

A

A condition affecting the sensory nerves of either the mandibular or maxillary divisions.

Dental Nursing 2014 (17 decks)

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