HBM 08a: MDD Flashcards
Diagnosing MDD: At least (X) of (Y) listed symptoms of major depressive episode must be present for how long?
X = 5 Y = 9
For at least 2-week period
Which symptom(s) must be present for MDD diagnosis.
Either:
1. Subjective/objective report of depressed mood
Or
2. Marked decline in interest/pleasure in most activities
Typical depression results in weight (loss/gain) by (X)% over what period of time?
Loss;
X = 5
In a month
Typical depression symptom is (over/under)-sleeping.
Under-sleeping (insomnia); in atypical depression, patient over sleeps
Psychomotor (agitation/retardation) is symptom of depression.
Could be either
T/F: concentration and memory problems could be symptom of depression.
True
Aside from showing symptoms, what are the 3 other criteria for diagnosing MDD?
- Distress or impairment in social/occupational fxn
- Not caused by substance/med condition
- No history of manic/psychotic episode
T/F: depressed patients typically feel more depressed in evening.
False - in morning
SWAG mnemonic, to identify (X).
X = depression
Suicidality
Weight loss
Anhedonia (loss of pleasure in activities)
Guilt
What’s masked depression?
Depression presenting as physical symptom (ex: headache with unidentifiable cause)
Biological factors of depression.
- Heredity
- Altered NT activity
- Abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary axis
Which genders/age groups have highest risk for MDD?
- Females
2. Young people (unless elderly are chronically ill/widowed)
Lost some Pharmacologic agents used to treat MDD.
- Heterocyclic antidepressants
- SSRIs
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Most commonly used and effective treatment for MDD.
Pharmacologic agents
paired with psych treatment, like cognitive therapy
List some prescription drugs that can cause depressive symptoms.
- Anti hypertensives
- Antineoplastic agents
- Steroids
T/F: steroids can cause elevated mood symptoms.
True - as well as depressive symptoms in some cases
Stimulants, such as (X), are drugs likely to (depress/elevate) mood.
X = cocaine and amphetamines
Elevate (manic symptoms)
T/F: withdrawal from stimulants causes manic episodes.
False - causes depression of mood
Withdrawal of opioids commonly results in:
Depression of mood
Withdrawal of sedatives commonly results in:
Depression of mood
Diagnosis of bereavement is given for (X) period of time.
X = 2 months
Why would (poor/wealthy) bipolar patients be more misdiagnosed as (X)?
Poor;
X = schizophrenic
Delay in seeking/access to treatment; become ill enough to show psychotic symptoms (like delusions)
Average onset age of MDD.
40
There’s greater risk of death from (X) in MDD.
X = all causes
