Hazmat Flashcards
What are the six categories of HAZMAT
Flammable or combustible materials
Aerosol containers
Toxic materials
Corrosive materials
Oxidizing materials
Compressed gases
Flammable or Combustible Materials
May be a solid, liquid or gas. Basically any material with a low flash point, or point at which it ignites into flames.
Aerosol containers
Aerosols are tiny liquid and solid particles suspended in the air. Insecticides, oils and paints are examples of aerosols in pressurized containers. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are good propellants, and present no fire danger, but they are being phased out as they are believed to be a contributory factor to the depletion of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere. Hydrocarbons are sometimes used in Aerosol containers, and can present a fire and explosion hazard
Toxic Materials
A poison or toxin is a substance that adversely affects one’s health by causing injury, illness, or death, when inhaled, ingested, or through contact.
Corrosive Materials (including acids and bases)
A highly reactive substance that causes obvious damage to living tissue. It is a chemical that causes visible destruction of, or irreversible alterations in, living tissue by chemical action at the site of contact.
Oxidizing Materials
Oxidizing materials are liquids or solids that readily give off oxygen or other oxidizing substances, such as chlorine. They also include materials that react chemically to oxidize combustible (burnable) materials; this means that oxygen combines chemically with the other material in a way that increases the chance of a fire or explosion. This reaction may be spontaneous at either room temperature or may occur under slight heating. Oxidizing liquids and solids can be severe fire and explosion hazards
Compressed Gases
Three major groups of compressed gases are stored in cylinders: liquefied, non-liquefied and dissolved gases. All compressed gases are hazardous because of the high pressures inside the cylinders. Some pure compressed gases are chemically unstable. If exposed to slight temperature or pressure increases, or mechanical shock, they can readily undergo certain types of chemical reactions. These reactions may become violent, resulting in fire or explosion. Compressed flammable gases, such as butane, can burn or explode under certain conditions. Compressed oxidizers can react rapidly and violently with combustible materials. Many compressed gases are toxic or very toxic. They could cause various health problems depending on the specific gas, its concentration, the length of exposure and the route of exposure. Some compressed gases are corrosive, and can burn and destroy body tissues on contact. Even inert gases, such as helium, can cause death or injury in high concentrations
What is incompatible material?
Considered two or more substances that when they are combined could cause a violent reaction or explosion hazard.
T-SMHL
(Type Shipboard Hazardous Material List) is a list of what hazmat is authorized, prohibited, restricted, or obsolete from being onboard.
What are three documents that you can find PPE for HAZMAT?
SDS- (Safety Data Sheet)
HMUG- ( Hazardous Material User Guide)
OPNAVINST 5100.19F Safety Manual
Discharge Limitation
In Port: Trash to pier. Local Guidelines.
In Port: Plastic to pier. Local Guidelines.
In port: Sewage CHT collection to pier/overboard discharge.
In-port: Paint -Turn into HAZWASTE facility.
Underway: All non-food (trash)waste 25nm.
Underway: Food waste outside of 12nm.
Underway: No discharge of any plastic and it is retain onboard.
Underway: Sewage CHT -Not inside 3nm .
Underway: Oily Waste disposal is permitted 50 nm from land.
Underway: HAZMAT- No discharge permitted.
Hazardous Material
Any material that, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical,
or infectious characteristics, may
pose a substantial hazard to human health
or the environment when released or spilled
into the environment.
Hazardous Waste
Any discarded material (liquid, solid, or gas) that meets the definition of an HM
or is designated as HW by the Environmental
Protection Agency or state or local authority.
Oily waste
Oil mixed with water or other fluids such that the mixture is no longer useful.
Waste oil
Oil whose characteristics have changed markedly since being originally refined and has become unsuitable for use, and is not considered economically recyclable.
