Hazardous Materials Flashcards
Name some ways in which hazardous materials regulations are applied
Required reporting of hazardous materials to the AHJ
Product Containment
Pressure Relief
Fire Protection
DOT regulates transportation
EPA regulates pesticides, fungicides, rodenticides
List some of the codes and standard that apply to hazardous materials
~ NFPA 400 Hazardous Materials and IFC Part V, Chapters 50-67 regulate facilities that store, package, or use hazardous materials
~ Department of Transportation - Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration regulations transportation and pipelines
~ US EPA regulates pesticides, fungicides and rodenticides
ICC: IFC, IBC, IMC
NFPA:
NFPA 1 Fire Code
NFPA 30 and 30A Flammable & Combustible Liquid Code, Motor Vehicle Fuel Dispensing and Repair Garages Code
NFPA 55 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code
NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code
NFPA 91 Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids
NFPA 400 Hazardous Materials Code
API (American Petroleum Institute)
ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)
ASTM (American Society of Testing and Materials)
CGA (Compressed Gas Association)
Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
What resources can assist inspectors in determining hazardous material classification?
The applicant is responsible for properly classifying the material. NFPA 1 and the IFC give inspectors the authority to require a technical report and opinion prepared by a qualified individual.
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) may not have enough information.
Hazardous Materials Expert Assistance software.
IFC Appendix E, section E103
Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders (WISER)
What makes flammable and combustible liquids the most “misused”?
They are widely available and have a variety of uses including:
- motor vehicle fuels
- food preparation
- lubricants
- semiconductor fabrication
- coatings
- creating plastics
Most misused and have contributed to numerous injuries and death.
What are flammable and combustible liquids and how are they different from each other?
These do not burn, the vapor they release can be ignited and burn. They have higher heat release rates compared to other combustibles. Fires are more difficult to control.
Flammable liquids have a flash point temperature below 100-degrees F and have a boiling point temperature. They are Class I-A through I-C.
Combustible liquids have a flash point temperature above 100-degrees F. They are Class II, III-A, and IIIB.
Describe the three categories of gases
- Nonliquefied compressed gases
- Liquefied compressed gases
- Dissolved gases
Nonliquefied compressed gases do not liquefy at normal temperature and pressure. Can be liquid if cooled below boiling point temperature which converts them to cryogenic fluids. Oxygen, helium, methane, nitrogen.
Liquefied compressed gases become liquids at ordinary temperatures and pressures. Would become solid at the temperature used for cryogenic fluids. Anhydrous ammonia, propane, carbon dioxide.
Dissolved gases are dissolved when placed in a solution with another chemical to stabilize it. Acetylene.
What hazards are associated with cryogenic liquids?
- Inherent hazard of the particular gas, which may be intensified when it is in liquid form
- High liquid-to-vapor ratio
- Extremely low temperatures
All cryogenic liquids (except oxygen) are either asphyxiants or toxic
Can burn or explode
What actions can make flammable solids capable of causing a fire?
- Friction
- Absorption of moisture
- Spontaneous chemical reaction
- pyrophoric materials
- self heating materials
- dangerous-when-wet materials
- Retained heat
Explain the hazard classifications of organic peroxides
Explosive: Rapid decomposition, detonation reactivity hazard
I: Rapid decomposition, deflagration reactivity hazard
II: Moderate decomposition, severe reactivity hazard, very rapid burning rate
III: Moderate reactivity hazard, rapid burning rate
IV: minimal burning rate
Explain the hazard of organic peroxides
- Sensitive to heat
- Releases heat upon decomposition
- Introduction of a contaminant can initiate an uncontrollable reaction
- Decomposition products can be flammable or toxic
What are the hazard categories of solid and liquid oxidizers based upon?
They are divided into four hazard categories based on their ability to accelerate burning, their rate of decomposition, and if their decomposition can ignite combustible (Class A) materials. The higher the Arabic numeral rating, the greater the hazard the solid or liquid oxidizer presents.
Name some examples of pyrophoric materials.
Liquids, solid, or gaseous materials that, even in small quantities and without external ignition sources, can ignite within 5 minutes after coming into contact with air.
Arsine
Silane
Diborane
Sodium-Potassium (Na-K) alloys
Some isotopes of plutonium and uranium
What do unstable materials react to?
They can react adversely due to changes in temperature, pressure, or mechanical or thermal shock.
List the states in which explosives and blasting agents exist.
Solid or liquid states.
How are highly toxic and toxic materials classified?
Highly toxic and toxic materials are capable of producing serious illness or death once they enter the bloodstream.
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) is the concentration of a given material that may be tolerated for an 8-hour exposure during a regular workweek without ill effects.
Classification is based on a material’s acute toxicity LC50 or LD50 value.
LD50 refers to the ingested dose of a given substance that was lethal to 50 percent or more of the test population when they swallowed or ate the substance.
LC50 refers to the concentration in the air of a given substance that killed 50 percent or more of the test population when they inhaled or absorbed the vapors, fumes, or mists of the substance.
How are corrosives classified in fire codes?
The classification of corrosives is when the material causes irreversible alteration or visible destruction to human skin.
How does mixing two or more materials impact hazard classification?
This can create a new compound with its own unique hazards. For example, when solid oxidizer chromium trioxide is mixed with water, it creates chromic acid which is not an oxidizer but a corrosive. The inspector would need to understand the hazards of the original materials and the mixed material.
What is required to identify the appropriate storage classification of incompatible materials?
Need to know the hazard classification of the two materials, review each product’s SDS, and compare the reactivity information. Consult a chemical compatibility chart or matrix to determine how each material should be stored and what separation requirements are needed between the materials.
Incompatible materials are considered separated if:
~ separated by 20 feet or more
~ one of the materials is stored in an approved storage cabinet, exhausted enclosure, or gas cabinet
~ separated by a noncombustible line-of-sight barrier
List some of the resources inspectors must be familiar with and know how to use in order to identify hazardous materials.
Must understand placards and material numbering systems used by: DOT, Transport Canada (TC), Mexican Secretariat for Communications and Transport (SCT), international governing bodies, and others.
UN Classification system and DOT placard and markings system.
Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
Hazardous Materials Guide for First Responders from the US Fire Academy (USFA)
Safety Data Sheets. (SDS)
NFPA 704 System
Compare and contrast DOT placards, labels, and markings.
Placard: Diamond-shaped, color-coded sign. Found on large transport containers (bulk packages, rail tank cars, cargo tank vehicles). Shippers are required to provide them with some exceptions. Includes Hazard Class in the lower corner (1-9) and may have text but only “Dangerous” is required for Class 7. May also include the 4 digit ID number in a black on orange rectangle.
Label: 3.9” square-on-point diamond placed on nonbulk packaging (that may fall off a large transport container) including drums, boxes, bags. Includes Hazard Class in the lower corner for the primary hazard and pictogram.
Marking: descriptive name, ID number, weight, orientation, or specification that includes instructions, cautions, or UN marks (or combo thereof). Placed on outer packaging.
What are some of the types of markings inspectors might encounter?
Hot
Marine Pollutant
Inhalation Hazard
Fumigant
Orientation
ORM-D (other regulated materials)
Inner Packaging (Overpack)
Excepted Quantity
Why is it important for inspectors to be aware of different aspects of the Canadian Dangerous Goods System?
To avoid conflicts between federal, provincial, and local laws. Inspectors should be prepared to notify the proper agency to address a hazard or dangerous commodity.
What are some of the differences between markings in the Mexican Hazard Communication System and those found in the US and Canada?
The Mexican Hazard Communication system is based on the NFPA 704 marking system. Employers may use any alternative system that complies with the objectives of the standard. Caution symbols are triangular rather than round like US and Canada.
Mexican and Canadian placard and labeling systems are virtually identical except in Spanish for Mexico and in English and French for Canada.
Differences between Mexico and US:
~ No DANGEROUS placards in Mexico
~ Spanish proper shipping name on package markings in addition to English
~ HOT for elevated temps not in Mexico only US
~ Flammable liquids does not incorporate provisions for combustible liquids. Combustible liquid requirements only apply in US
Describe the requirements for marking piping and cylinders.
Pipe labels must identify contents and direction of flow, labeled at 25’ max, each change of piping direction, and both sides of floor or ceiling penetrations.
Cylinders are marked on shoulder or wall with name of haz mat, DOT and UN haz mat ID label and hazardous division ID # (used in ERG). Warning statement required if inhalation hazard and its reportable quantity (RQ) if assigned by DOT.
If amount released exceeds RQ then the US Coast Guard National Response Center must be notified.
What must a code official have to determine the MAQ?
The determine the Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ):
Material hazard classification, physical state, amount of material that is in storage and use.
Describe examples of control areas.
A control area is a physical boundary inside a building where haz mat can be stored and used as long as MAQ is not exceeded:
~ Area bounded by the floor
~ Exterior walls
~ Roof of a building
~ Areas of a building separated by fire-resistant rated construction
List examples of containers used for nonbulk and bulk packaging
Containers
~ Carbon Steel
~ Plastic
~ Safety Cans
Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) aka Totes:
~ Carbon or Stainless Steel
~ Aluminum
~ High-density polyethylene
~ Multiple-layer fiberboard
box with a plastic liner
Cylinders
Portable Containers
Stationary Tanks (Bulk Packaging)
List types of stationary tanks that may be used for nonbulk and bulk packaging
Shop-fabricated aboveground storage tanks
Field-erected Aboveground Storage Tanks
Underground Storage Tanks
Pressure Vessels
What are some of the things inspectors need to verify when inspecting hazardous materials storage?
Verify conditions match approved plans.
Unauthorized Discharge (leaks)
Piping, Valves, and Fittings
What can an inspector require to clarify processes?
May request a Technical Report and Opinion to clarify a process or potential hazards. An authorized person who can demonstrate understanding of the process, its hazards, and necessary controls regarding the correct rate, pressure, and temperature of processes should prepare the report.
What can an inspector do in response to a unauthorized discharge?
Work to prevent additional incidents such as issues a stop-use order stating equipment cannot be returned to service until required corrections are made. In some cases the hazardous material will need to be removed from the system.
List some of the requirements for piping, valves, and fittings used to convey hazardous materials.
Materials must be of adequate strength, durability, and chemically compatible with the hazardous liquid or solid. Piping systems conveying flammable, pyrophoric, toxic, and corrosive liquids and gases require an excess flow control valve or other means to control flow (must be installed at all pipe diameter changes).
Describe the classification categories for hazardous and high-hazard occupanices
H Hazardous
High Hazard Classifications
H-1: detonation hazard
H-2: deflagration hazard
H-3: support combustion or present other physical hazards
H-4 storage of health hazard materials
What is the purpose of spill control and secondary containment?
To contain an accidental spill and keep it within the occupancy.
Secondary containment is required when the outdoor MAQ is exceeded and in all cases of flammable and combustible liquid storage.
Spill control and secondary containment is not required for compressed or liquefied compressed gases.
List some of the requirements for mechanical ventilation systems.
Designed per IMC and NFPA 91.
Provide adequate air movement to exhaust fumes, vapors, or gases created by a container, piping, or valve or component leak. Mechanical ventilation is not required for flammable solids.
Materials with vapor density > 1 require ventilation openings within 12” of floor.
Vapor density < 1 require ventilation openings within 12” of highest point of room.
Minimum air flow rate of 1 cu.ft. per minute per sq.ft. over the occupancy or space.
Nonmetallic ducts may be required for corrosive materials with compliant flame spread.
Air cannot be recirculated unless specifically designed to remove contaminants. Post release treatment may be required.
Emergency Vent must be properly sized.
List some of the requirements for automatic sprinkler systems in hazardous occupancies.
Per NFPA 13, specialized sprinkler designs must be installed for:
~ flammable & combustible liquids
~ compressed gases that are pyrophoric, flammable, or oxidizers
~ solid & liquid oxidizers and organic peroxides
One method to satisfy NFPA 30 is with in-rack sprinklers with a horizontal barrier to accelerate activation
Hazardous materials responses generally require that responding personnel be specifically trained and equipped to manage a(an): (380)
A. fire.
B. crowd.
C. chemical release.
D. emergency management plan.
C
Who in a business is responsible for understanding the hazards of storing, using, and handling hazardous materials? (380)
A. Fire inspector or city manager
B. Fire department liaison or fire chief
C. Fire inspector or emergency response coordinator
D. Fire department liaison or emergency response coordinator
D
Materials must be assigned the proper classification using the criteria in: (385)
A. state laws.
B. the adopted fire code.
C. manufacturer standards.
D. the facility emergency management plan.
B
When a material presents multiple hazards, fire codes require ____ of the hazards be addressed. (385)
A. all
B. at least half
C. at least 80%
D. the most dangerous
A
What can assist inspectors in determining the proper storage or handling procedures during inspections? (401)
A. Markings
B. Personnel
C. Third-party consultants
D. Manufacturer instructions
A
Which of the following is a detailed information bulletin prepared by the manufacturer or importer of a chemical to describe or give information about hazards? (402)
A. Marking
B. Placard
C. Safety data sheet
D. Manufacturer label
C
A material in a package that is static and not moving is defined as: (430)
A. idle.
B. in use.
C. storage.
D. in transit.
C
What sets limits for the amount of hazardous materials allowed inside a building? (431)
A. Model fire codes
B. State/federal laws
C. Safety data sheets
D. Manufacturer’s standards
A
Packaging for hazardous materials is categorized into how many broad categories? (435)
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
A
When inspecting hazardous materials, it is important that the mechanical integrity and the tightness of the system are maintained to prevent a(an): (449)
A. lawsuit.
B. citation.
C. cost overrun.
D. unauthorized discharge.
D
The burden of reporting the storage and use of hazardous materials rests with: (380)
A. the business.
B. manufacturers.
C. fire inspectors.
D. the fire department.
C
Who is responsible for explaining the site’s emergency response procedures and has access to the facility’s safety data sheets? (380)
A. Fire inspector
B. Property owner
C. Facility legal counsel
D. Fire department liaison
D
When it comes to product containment, what is one of the greater problems inspectors will find? (381)
A. The improper labeling of products
B. The lack of security of the products
C. The training requirements for personnel
D. The design and construction of storage tanks
D
Who evaluates used storage equipment before it can be used again safely? (381)
A. Liaison
B. Fire inspector
C. Property owner
D. Design professional
D
Which storage component can be designed so a container safely vents under controlled fire exposure? (382)
A. Pressure drum
B. Pressure relief
C. Pressure monitor
D. Pressure cylinders
B
What does an inspector rely on to determine if sprinkler discharge density and design area are correct for the stored materials? (382)
A. Locally adopted fire codes
B. Sprinkler manufacturer specifications
C. State/federal laws specific to given classes of hazardous materials
D. A particular NFPA® standard for a given class of hazardous materials
D
Which of the following activities or processes that involve hazardous materials may be exempt from regulation? (382)
A. Pyrophorics
B. Cyrogenic fluids
C. Explosives and blasting agents
D. Pesticides, fungicides, and rodenticides
D
Which organization regulates hazardous material transportation and its pipeline in the U.S.? (383)
A. Department of Commerce (DOC)
B. Department of the Interior (DOI)
C. Department of Transportation (DOT)
D. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
C
To accomplish a code’s intent regarding hazardous materials storage, use, and handling, fire inspectors must become familiar with the applicable standards and: (383)
A. state laws.
B. DOT regulations.
C. the jurisdiction’s adopted codes.
D. the storage facility emergency management plan.
C
What organization has codes or standards that apply to hazardous materials and include the International Fire Code and International Building Code? (384)
A. UL
B. ICC
C. ASTM
D. NFPA®
B
What organization has codes or standards that apply to hazardous materials and includes Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 and 2? (384)
A. UL
B. ICC
C. ASME
D. NFPA®
C
Hazardous materials classifications are based on criteria in: (385)
A. state laws.
B. the adopted fire code.
C. manufacturer standards.
D. the facility emergency management plan.
B
What is one information source an inspector can use to verify proper chemical classification? (385)
A. Site manager
B. Property owner
C. Certificate of Occupancy
D. Certificate of Residency
C
Which resource available to assist inspectors in determining classifications is a free internet-based search engine and a compilation of a number of databases developed by several U.S. agencies? (386)
A. NFPA® 400
B. Appendix E in the IFC
C. Hazardous Materials Expert Assistant
D. Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders
D
Which resource available to assist inspectors in determining classifications contains about 8,000 hazardous materials and compounds? (386)
A. NFPA® 400
B. Appendix E in the IFC
C. Hazardous Materials Expert Assistant
D. Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders
C
Which resource available to assist inspectors in determining classifications features guidance on the steps to take to evaluate the hazards of a material? (386)
A. NFPA® 400
B. Appendix E in the IFC
C. Hazardous Materials Expert Assistant
D. Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders
B
How many classes of physical hazard materials are there? (386)
A. Ten
B. Twenty
C. Fifty
D. Seventy-five
A
What is the most common class of hazardous material that inspectors will encounter? (386)
A. Organic peroxides
B. Water-reactive materials
C. Explosives and blasting agents
D. Flammable and combustible liquids
D
A liquid is classified as either flammable or combustible when it contains: (386)
A. carbon and nitrogen.
B. carbon and hydrogen.
C. nitrogen and phosphorus.
D. hydrogen and phosphorus.
B
Gases that do not liquefy at normal temperature and pressure are: (388)
A. dissolved gases.
B. liquefied compressed gases.
C. nonliquefied compressed gases.
D. nondissolved compressed gases.
C
Which gases become liquids at ordinary temperatures and pressures? (388)
A. Dissolved gases
B. Liquefied compressed gases
C. Nonliquefied compressed gases
D. Nondissolved compressed gases
B
Which of the following is a hazard associated with cryogenic liquids? (389)
A. Low liquid-to-vapor ratio
B. Extremely low temperatures
C. Extremely high temperatures
D. Nondissolved compressed gases
B
Flammable solids have an ignition temperature of: (390)
A. less than 167ºF (75ºC).
B. more than 167ºF (75ºC).
C. less than 212ºF (100ºC).
D. more than 212ºF (100ºC).
C
Which type of spontaneously combustible material can ignite without external ignition sources within five minutes of coming into contact with air? (391)
A. Pyrophoric
B. Self-heating
C. Metal powders
D. Cyrogenic materials
A
What should an inspector consult to determine the appropriate fire extinguishing agent according to the manufacturer’s specifications for flammable solids that are metals? (391)
A. Fire codes
B. DOT placards
C. Safety Data Sheets
D. Manufacturer’s labels
C
Organic peroxides only exist as solids or: (391)
A. gases.
B. liquids.
C. vapors.
D. products of combustion.
B
What type of materials should always be kept separate from oxidizers because their interaction will be immediate and violent? (392)
A. Pyrophorics
B. Cryogenic fluids
C. Water-based materials
D. Petroleum-based materials
D
A material is classified as pyrophoric when it autoignites in air at temperatures of: (393)
A. 130°F (55°C) or less.
B. 130°F (55°C) or more.
C. 250°F (121°C).
D. 450°F (232°C).
A
What is needed to ignite a pyrophoric material? (393)
A. Air
B. Violent decomposition
C. Mixture with flammable liquid
D. Exposure to compressed gases
A
The loss of which of the following stabilizing chemicals can cause an uncontrollable reaction? (394)
A. Water
B. Helium
C. Diluent
D. Oxygen
C
The manufacturing of plastic can result in which type of physical hazard? (394)
A. Explosives
B. Flammable solids
C. Water-reactive materials
D. Unstable (reactive) materials
D
Which type of materials are capable of producing a sudden, violent expansion of gases that may be accompanied by a shock or pressure wave? (395)
A. Cryogenics
B. Toxic materials
C. Incompatible materials
D. Explosives and blasting agents
D
Which type of materials are those where a single brief exposure to the hazardous material can result in death, injury, or incapacitation? (396)
A. Fire hazards
B. Health hazards
C. Mental hazards
D. Physical hazards
B
How do toxicity limits in model fire codes compare to the Department of Transportation (DOT) and Transport Canada (TC) regulations? (396)
A. They are lower
B. They are higher
C. They are the same
D. Some differ; some match
A
What value represents the concentration of a given toxic material that the body generally can tolerate without ill effects? (397)
A. Toxicity level value (TLV)
B. Threshold limit value (TLV)
C. Toxicity classification levels (TCL)
D. Registry of Toxic Effects Values (RTEV)
B
Which acute toxicity value refers to the ingested dose of a given substance that was lethal to 50% or more of the test population when they swallowed or ate the substance? (397)
A. LD25
B. LC25
C. LD50
D. LC50
C
Which acute toxicity value refers to the concentration in the air of a given substance that killed 50 percent or more of the test population? (397)
A. LD25
B. LC25
C. LD50
D. LC50
D
Which of the following is a source for hazardous material toxicity data? (397)
A. NFPA® 1 Fire Code
B. Underwriters Laboratories
C. American Society of Testing and Materials
D. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials
D
Which health hazard material can exist in all three physical states? (398)
A. Mixtures
B. Corrosives
C. Cryogenics
D. Water-reactive
B
How do corrosive classifications in model fire codes compare to the Department of Transportation (DOT) and Transport Canada (TC) regulations? (398)
A. They are lower
B. They are higher
C. They are the same
D. Some differ; some match
C
Which hazardous materials contain two or more materials that are not chemically combined? (399)
A. Mixtures
B. Corrosives
C. Pyrophorics
D. Unstable (reactive) materials
A
What resource can fire inspectors use to identify incompatible hazardous materials storage? (399)
A. NFPA® 1 Fire Code
B. Chemical Compatibility Matrix
C. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials
D. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
B
Hazardous materials that are incompatible are considered separated if: (401)
A. they are properly labeled.
B. they are separated by a distance of 20 feet (6 m) or more.
C. the materials are separated by a noncombustible bearing wall.
D. all of the materials are stored in approved storage cabinets, exhausted enclosures, or gas cabinets 10 feet (3 m) apart.
B
Which resource is a detailed information bulletin prepared by the manufacturer or importer of a chemical to describe or give information about hazards? (402)
A. DOT placards
B. UN data sheets
C. Safety data sheets
D. Manufacturer installation packets
C
Which transportation placards are required for trucks carrying products that include hazardous materials to travel freely among the U.S., Canada, and Mexico? (402)
A. UN recommendations
B. Department of Transportation (DOT) placards
C. Mexican Secretariat for Communications and Transport (SCT) placards
D. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommendations
A
Under the UN system, which classification includes explosives? (404)
A. Class 1
B. Class 4
C. Class 6
D. Class 9
A
Under the UN system, which classification includes poison (toxic) and poison inhalation hazard? (404)
A. Class 1
B. Class 4
C. Class 6
D. Class 9
C
Which corner must display the hazard class or division number on placards corresponding to the primary hazard class of a material? (404)
A. Left
B. Right
C. Lower
D. Upper
C
What kind of unique identifier is assigned to each hazardous material and often displayed on placards, labels, orange panels, and/or white diamonds? (404)
A. Location-based classifications
B. Two-digit identification numbers
C. Four-digit identification numbers
D. Alphanumeric classification codes
C
What resource can be used as a key for the unique identifiers assigned to hazardous materials? (404)
A. UN Identifier Guide
B. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
C. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials
D. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
B
Which type of identification features diamond-shaped, color-coded signs that shippers provide to identify the materials in transportation containers? (406)
A. DOT signs
B. DOT labels
C. DOT placards
D. DOT markings
C
Which type of identification features printed matter on a 3.9-inch (100 mm), square-on-point diamond that may or may not have written text identifying the hazardous material within the packaging? (408)
A. DOT signs
B. DOT labels
C. DOT placards
D. DOT markings
B
Which type of identification features a descriptive name, identification number, weight, or specification that includes instructions, cautions, or UN marks required on outer packaging containing hazardous materials or goods? (409)
A. DOT signs
B. DOT labels
C. DOT placards
D. DOT markings
D
What standard requires employers to identify hazards in the workplace and train employees how to recognize those hazards? (411)
A. Military Hazard Identification Standard
B. UN’s Hazard Communications Standard
C. OSHA’s Hazard Communications Standard (HCS)
D. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials
C
Which manufacturer warning indicates that a product may present moderate hazards that have significant health effects or flammability? (414)
A. POISON
B. DANGER
C. CAUTION
D. WARNING
D
Where are military markings typically used? (414)
A. Fixed facilities
B. Temporary facilities
C. Ammunition storage
D. All air transportation
A
Markers must be in sufficient numbers along a pipeline to identify the pipe’s: (414)
A. size.
B. location.
C. purpose.
D. capacity.
B
Which system provides a widely recognized method for indicating the presence of hazardous materials at commercial, manufacturing, institutional, and other fixed-storage facilities? (416)
A. NFPA® 704
B. UN’s Hazard Communications System
C. OSHA’s Hazard Communications Standard (HCS)
D. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials
A
Which guidebook is primarily a guide to aid emergency responders in quickly identifying the hazards of materials involved in an emergency incident? (418)
A. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
B. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (NPG)
C. Hazardous Materials Information Resource System (HMIRS)
D. Hazardous Materials Guide for First Responders from the U.S. Fire Administration
A
Which guidebook is a reference source of general industrial hygiene information? (420)
A. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
B. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (NPG)
C. Hazardous Materials Information Resource System (HMIRS)
D. Hazardous Materials Guide for First Responders from the U.S. Fire Administration
B
Which guidebook is the result of a study to determine resources that are available to emergency responders? (421)
A. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
B. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (NPG)
C. Hazardous Materials Information Resource System (HMIRS)
D. Hazardous Materials Guide for First Responders from the U.S. Fire Administration
D
What standard in Canada is designed to reduce the risk from hazardous products in the workplace? (422)
A. Health Canada Standard
B. Controlled Product Regulations
C. Public Health Agency of Canada Regulations
D. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)
D
Provincial occupational health and safety regulations in Canada typically place the responsibility of safeguarding the health and safety of workers on the: (422)
A. employers.
B. employees.
C. local government.
D. provincial government.
A
Which of the following common Spanish hazard warning terms means “danger”? (429)
A. Peligro
B. Veneno
C. Precaucion
D. Radioactivo
A
Hazardous materials piping labels must identify contents and: (430)
A. direction of flow.
B. hazard classification.
C. emergency contacts.
D. required pressure level.
A
The only way to identify a cylinder’s contents is by the: (430)
A. color of the cylinder.
B. capacity of the cylinder.
C. size and shape of the cylinder.
D. labeling or marking on the cylinder.
D
A material in a package that is static and not moving is defined as: (430)
A. use.
B. storage.
C. open-system use.
D. closed-system use.
B
When a hazardous material is moved from its original container, it is considered: (430)
A. use.
B. storage.
C. open-system use.
D. closed-system use.
A
To determine the MAQ, the code official must have the material hazard classification, physical state, and: (431)
A. the number of people in the area.
B. the response time of the fire department.
C. the occupancy classification of the facility.
D. the amount of material that is in storage and use.
D
The number of control areas inside a building and their MAQ is influenced by the building’s: (434)
A. use.
B. design.
C. location.
D. occupancy.
D
Nonbulk packages containing liquefied compressed gases, cryogenic fluids, or liquids with a high vapor pressure must: (435)
A. contain a means of venting.
B. provide a means of drainage.
C. have secondary containment.
D. be stored separate from all other hazards.
A
Code requirements for containers address packaging of: (435)
A. organic peroxides.
B. explosives and blasting agents.
C. flammable and combustible liquids.
D. compressed and liquefied compressed gases.
C
What type of small container is designed to virtually eliminate vapor release from the container under normal conditions? (436)
A. Gas cans
B. Oil drums
C. Safety cans
D. Safety cylinders
C
What is another name for an intermediate bulk container (IBC)? (437)
A. Tote
B. Drum
C. Safety can
D. Safety cylinder
A
Unless they are disposable, compressed gas containers are subject to periodic testing and: (437)
A. cleaning.
B. replacement.
C. maintenance.
D. examination.
D
Which type of packaging refers to a packaging, other than that on a ship or barge, in which materials are loaded with no intermediate form of containment? (438)
A. Bulk
B. Nonbulk
C. Intermediate
D. High-density
A
UL 142 requires that any shop-fabricated aboveground storage tanks storing flammable or combustible liquids have: (440)
A. SDS.
B. grills.
C. DOT placards.
D. a permanent nameplate.
D
Which type of tanks are fabricated from plate carbon steel and stainless steel? (442)
A. Fuel storage tanks
B. Underground storage tanks
C. Field-erected aboveground storage tanks
D. Shop-fabricated aboveground storage tanks
C
Which type of tanks are designed to operate at atmospheric pressure? (443)
A. Fuel storage tanks
B. Underground storage tanks
C. Field-erected aboveground storage tanks
D. Shop-fabricated aboveground storage tanks
C
IFC and NFPA® 400 requirements for the integrity of tanks and piping include verifying that tank vents are operational and that: (449)
A. all pressure valves are closed.
B. operational costs are reasonable.
C. all personnel are properly trained.
D. tanks and piping are free of any leaks.
D
Tanks with integral secondary containment that cannot be visually monitored require an electronic means of leak detection, which requires periodic: (449)
A. testing.
B. cleaning.
C. painting.
D. replacement.
A
UN Hazard Class 1 includes?
Explosives
UN Hazard Class 2 includes?
Gases
UN Hazard Class 3 includes?
Flammable and Combustible Liquids
UN Hazard Class 4 includes?
Flammable Solids, Spontaneously Combustible Materials, and Dangerous-When-Wet Materials
UN Hazard Class 5 includes?
Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
UN Hazard Class 6 includes?
Poison (Toxic) and Poison Inhalation Hazard
UN Hazard Class 7 includes?
Radioactive Materials
UN Hazard Class 8 includes?
Corrosive Materials
UN Hazard Class 9 includes?
Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
The model fire codes require that manufacturing process systems that regularly use hazardous materials be properly designed by a(an): (449)
A. architect.
B. fire inspector.
C. plans reviewer.
D. competent design professional.
D
What is an inspector’s responsibility when an unauthorized discharge occurs? (450)
A. Issue citations
B. Notify the owner
C. Evacuate the facility
D. Prevent additional incidents
D
What does an inspector need to verify when it comes to materials piping, valves, and fittings? (451)
A. An evacuation plan is in place
B. Personnel are properly trained
C. Installation matches the approved plans
D. Installation matches the approved budget
C
Hazardous occupancies are assigned to one or more of four different categories, based on the physical or health hazards: (452)
A. to the occupants.
B. of the stored materials.
C. to the surrounding area.
D. of the building materials.
B
What is required in most hazardous occupancies for many classes of liquid and solid physical and health hazard materials? (456)
A. Secondary containment
B. Special building materials
C. Specialized personnel training
D. Additional local permitting fees
A
What building feature of the hazardous occupancy will satisfy the requirements for spill control? (456)
A. Floor surface
B. Retaining wall
C. Fire-rated partition walls
D. Fire retardant wall coverings
A
Which engineering systems are designed to reduce the toxicity of materials released in the air? (458)
A. Sprinkler systems
B. Drainage systems
C. Containment tank systems
D. Post-release treatment systems
D
Which physical hazards present the most variables in the design of an automatic sprinkler system? (459)
A. Pyrophorics
B. Cryogenic fluids
C. Flammable solids or gases
D. Flammable and combustible liquids
D
Because manufacturing processes can become complicated, what may be required by inspectors to clarify the process or its potential hazards? (450)
A. Specialized training reports
B. Adopted model code opinions
C. Technical Report and Opinion
D. Manufacturer’s Reports and Opinions
C
What kind of order may be issued stating that the equipment cannot be returned to service until the required corrections are made? (450)
A. Stop-use order
B. Restraining order
C. Order of protection
D. Cease-and-desist order
A
Piping systems conveying hazardous materials are required to be constructed of materials with adequate: (451)
A. strength and elasticity.
B. strength and durability.
C. chemical composition and elasticity.
D. durability and chemical composition.
B
In piping systems conveying flammable, pyrophoric, toxic, and corrosive liquids and gases, model fire codes prescribe the installation of: (451)
A. redundant alarm systems.
B. an excess flow control valve.
C. at least five fire extinguishers.
D. water-based sprinkler systems.
B
A key inspection issue for excess flow control valves is: (451)
A. fluid pressure changes.
B. pipe diameter changes.
C. occupancy classification changes.
D. manufacturer installation changes.
B
When the amount of hazardous materials in a building exceeds the MAQ, the IBC and NFPA® 400 require that the building comply with Hazardous (Group H) or High-Hazard: (451)
A. municipal law.
B. state/federal laws.
C. occupancy classifications.
D. manufacturer classifications.
C
Generally speaking, the greater the hazard the building presents to the occupants and emergency responders: (452)
A. the lower the fire rating.
B. the higher the fire rating.
C. the lower the occupancy number.
D. the higher the occupancy number.
C
Which hazard occupancy category includes occupancies that present a detonation hazard? (452)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
A
Which hazard occupancy category includes occupancies that store materials that present a deflagration hazard like flammable gases and pyrophorics? (452)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
B
Which hazard occupancy category includes occupancies that store oxidizing gases and flammable solids? (452-453)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
C
Which hazard occupancy category includes occupancies designed for storage of health hazard materials? (453)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
D
The reaction zone of a detonation progresses through the material: (453)
A. slowly.
B. intermittently.
C. at a rate less than the speed of sound.
D. at a rate greater than the speed of sound.
D
Which type of explosive includes sensitive materials? (453)
A. Military
B. Primary
C. Secondary
D. Construction
B
Which type of explosive will detonate when initiated by a shock wave created by a detonator? (454)
A. Military
B. Primary
C. Secondary
D. Construction
C
Which type of occupancy requires a separate, stand-alone building without a basement? (454)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
A
Which type of occupancy requires continuous mechanical ventilation to remove vapors or gases released to a post-chemical treatment system or outside the building? (454)
A. Group H-1/High Hazard Level 1
B. Group H-2/High Hazard Level 2
C. Group H-3/High Hazard Level 3
D. Group H-4/High Hazard Level 4
A
When are hazardous occupancies required to have panic hardware? (454)
A. Always
B. Never
C. Depends on occupant load
D. Depends on physical hazards
A
Hazardous occupancies storing liquid or solids require spill control or: (455)
A. primary containment.
B. secondary containment.
C. spill containment decks.
D. tank containment sumps.
B
Secondary containment is prescribed in all cases of: (456)
A. interior flammable and combustible solid storage.
B. exterior flammable and combustible solid storage.
C. interior flammable and combustible liquid storage.
D. exterior flammable and combustible liquid storage.
D
What can satisfy the requirement for spill control? (456)
A. Carpeted floors
B. Fire-rated walls
C. Containment pallets
D. Non-corrosive drums
C
What is a key consideration in the design of a drainage system? (456)
A. It must capture the spill in a single location.
B. It must drain all hazardous materials outside the facility.
C. It must allow the mixing of incompatible hazardous materials.
D. It must not allow the mixing of incompatible hazardous materials.
D
An electronic means of monitoring may be necessary for drainage systems where all parts of the system cannot be: (457)
A. alarmed.
B. visually monitored.
C. protected by sprinklers.
D. properly contained with primary containment.
B
What is the minimum amount of time model fire codes require that the spill control or secondary containment system be capable of containing sprinkler water flow? (457)
A. 5 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 15 minutes
D. 20 minutes
D
The secondary containment design for hazardous materials must contain the volume of the largest container or storage tank and contain the volume of rainfall produced in a: (457)
A. 12-hour/25-year storm.
B. 24-hour/25-year storm.
C. 48-hour/30-year storm.
D. 72-hour/30-year storm.
B
Design of a mechanical ventilation system must provide enough air at a sufficient velocity to capture: (458)
A. gases or vapors.
B. solids and gases.
C. smoke and flames.
D. particles or vapors.
A
Lighter-than-air vapors or gases require ventilation openings within 12 inches (300 mm) of the: (458)
A. lowest window.
B. highest window.
C. lowest point of the room.
D. highest point of the room.
D
What are post-release treatment systems designed to do? (458)
A. Limit the particles inhaled
B. Reduce the corrosion of ducts
C. Limit the amount of released material
D. Reduce the toxicity of the released material
D
What can an inspector check to verify that an emergency vent is properly sized? (458)
A. Manufacturer standard
B. Flow rate charts on the Internet
C. Flow rate posted on the nameplate
D. The horizontal barrier used in the storage compartment
C
Which type of physical hazard presents the most variables in the design of an automatic sprinkler system? (459)
A. Pyrophorics
B. Explosives and blasting agents
C. Flammable and combustible liquids
D. Compressed and liquefied compressed gases
C
What is used in rack storage to accelerate the activation of the in-rack sprinklers? (459)
A. Pyrophorics
B. A horizontal barrier
C. Automatic deluge valves
D. Video monitoring systems
B
