Harm Studies Flashcards
What are the two types of studies generally done to study harm/risk/etiology?
Cohort
Case-control
If doing a cohort study, do you use relative risk, or the odds ratio?
Relative risk
If doing a case-control study, do you use the relative risk, or the odds ratio?
Odds ratio
What is the formula for the relative risk?
[(a/a+b)/(c/c+d)]
What is the formula for the odds ratio?
a+d/b+c
“Natural history” of a disease is what?
its prognosis
What are prognostic factors?
The characteristics of a patient or population that can be used to more accurately predict that patient or population’s eventual outcome
age or gender is an example of a what type of prognostic factor?
Demographic
Tumor staging is an example of a what type of prognostic factor?
Disease specific
DMs in a cardiac pt is an example of a what type of prognostic factor?
Comorbidity
What are the two types of studies done for prognosis studies?
cohort
Case-control
What is referral bias?
A systematic error that can occur when pts are selected from tertiary care centers
Do you need to have similar groups for a prospective cohort study?
No
“Are study patient’s representative” is a question of what (validity, importance, etc)?
Validity
“was the follow up long enough for the outcome of interest” is a question of what (validity, importance, etc)?
Validity
