Hardware

Question 1

any device which allows us to send data or instructions to the computer (mechanical movement, sound, light, heat or electronic signals)

Answer 1

input devices

Question 2

has alphabetic numeric and function keys for the entry of information

Answer 2

keyboard

Question 3

a point and click device whose movement across a surface is sense by the computer either mechanically or optically

Answer 3

mouse

Question 4

a device that senses pressure to guide the pointer on the computer sceen

Answer 4

touchpad

Question 5

a type of overturned mouse. The ball is on the top side of the object and rolling the ball moves the pointer across the screen

Answer 5

trackball

Question 6

a device sensitive to variations in patterns on a surface. It acts as a miniature scanner and can read text as the are dragged across the printeed page

Answer 6

lightpen

Question 7

a device that can read and interpret bar codes and input the data into the computer

Answer 7

bar code reader

Question 8

a device that is familiar for use in games to move objects on the screen

Answer 8

joystick

Question 9

has a small computer inside that converts the capture pattern on the screen into a standard graphics file which can then be transferred to a computer

Answer 9

digital camera

Question 10

translates speech into an electronic signal

Answer 10

microphone

Question 11

a device that produces an electronic copy of the document placed on it, which then appears on the computer screen

Answer 11

scanner

Question 12

its function is to store the currently active programs and their data

Answer 12

RAM

Question 13

RAM is volatile/non-volatile

Answer 13

volatile

Question 14

the contents of this memory can be changed or deleted

Answer 14

RAM

Question 15

its function is to store certain fixed routines such as the boot-up routines

Answer 15

ROM

Question 16

ROM is volatile/non-volatile

Answer 16

non-volatile

Question 17

the contents of this memory can’t be changed or deleted

Answer 17

ROM

Question 18

this refers to the individual 1’s (on) and 0’s (off)

Answer 18

bits

Question 19

term for circuitry based on switches

Answer 19

digital

Question 20

arithmetic based on the use of only 1’ and 0’s

Answer 20

binary arithmetic

Question 21

set of eight bits - amount of memory required to store a single character

Answer 21

bytes

Question 22

a system of representing all the characters of the western alphabet and certain special characters in a single byte; 2^8 = 256

Answer 22

ASCII

Question 23

a system that represents all the alphabets of the world

Answer 23

uni-code

Question 24

kb is equivalent to

Answer 24

2^10 = 1024 bytes

Question 25

Mb is equivalent to

Answer 25

2^20 bytes

Question 26

Gb is equivalent to

Answer 26

2^30 bytes

Question 27

Tb is equivalent to

Answer 27

2^40 bytes

Question 28

has a plastic flexible disk enclosed inside a tough plastic cover and has a window at one end. it is slow and have a low capacity (1.44mb)

Answer 28

diskette

Question 29

a removable magnetic disk which fits into a special zip drive that comes in 100, 250 and 750 capacities

Answer 29

zip disk

Question 30

a sequential tape very similar to that found in a tape recorder, only muh higher quality.

Answer 30

data cartridge

Question 31

data cartridge is used in a device called ___________ to record data.

Answer 31

tape streamer

Question 32

uses optical technology wherein, small pits are burned into the surface using a highly focused laser beam when data is written

Answer 32

cd rom

Question 33

a development of the storage technology of the CD ROM that can store about 4Gb of data

Answer 33

digital versatile disk (DVD)

Question 34

can be internal or external, can have capacities from 40 mb to 120 mb (actually more than that nowadays)

Answer 34

hard disk drive

Question 35

a solid state device that connects to the computer via the USB port and it provides very fast and reliable method of storing data externally

Answer 35

flash memory and memory sticks (flash drive)

Question 36

formatting disks marks out concentric circles called _____

Answer 36

tracks

Question 37

Each track in a disk is divided into a number of __________

Answer 37

sectors

Question 38

The tracks and sectors in a disk are marked out using __________

Answer 38

magnetic markers

Question 39

formatting disk is performed to _______ a disk wherein old data is lost to store new data

Answer 39

re-use a disk

Question 40

breaking up of file into many segments and it slows down the operation of the disk as the system needs to keep track of all the different segments

Answer 40

fragmentation

Question 41

process wherein disk may be re-organized to reduce fragmentation

Answer 41

defragmentation

Question 42

responsible for carrying out arithmetic operations as well as logical decisions

Answer 42

arithmetic-logic unit (ALU)

Question 43

responsible for loading and interpreting the individual instructions that comprise the computer program

Answer 43

control unit

Question 44

language with a pattern of 0's and 1's

Answer 44

machine code

Question 45

the memory a control unit can access very quickly and use for intermediate storage

Answer 45

on-board cache memory

Question 46

CPU is measured by the ________________ it is able to handle.

Answer 46

maximum number of pulses

Question 47

CPU Speed is measured in ________ or _________

Answer 47

Mhz (megahertz) or Ghz (gigahertz)

Question 48

a device on the motherboad that sends electronic pulses to the CPU

Answer 48

clock

Question 49

any devices that the computer uses to send the results of processing to the user

Answer 49

output devices

Question 50

primary output device that is of two categories namely:

Answer 50

Visual Display Unit (VDU): CRT Screens Solid State Screens

Question 51

usually called a monitor which makes use of the same tech as a TV

Answer 51

CRT screens

Question 52

also known as LCD which makes use of tiny transistors to emit light and create image

Answer 52

Solid state screens

Question 53

number of times the image is refreshed every second

Answer 53

refresh rate

Question 54

the maximum number of pixel that the sceren can display

Answer 54

resolution

Question 55

produce a hard copy of the output on paper.

Answer 55

printer

Question 56

this printer has a print head that runs back and forth, or in an up and down motion, on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper

Answer 56

dot matrix

Question 57

a printer that creates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper

Answer 57

inkjet

Question 58

a printer that shines a tiny laser beam across the surface to discharge certain points

Answer 58

laser

Question 59

consists of a device that can move paper both backwards and forwards.

Answer 59

plotter

Question 60

produces sound output from the computer

Answer 60

speakers

Question 61

turning txt in a document into audible speech or vice versa

Answer 61

speech synthesis

Question 62

a special type of screen in which the screen not only displays output but also responds to being touched

Answer 62

touchscreen