Halogenoalkane

Question 1

With aqueous potassium hydroxide/sodium hydroxide

Answer 1

Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: heat under reflux, in aqueous solution
Change in functional group: halogenoalkane –> alcohol
Nucleophile: OH- ion

Question 2

With silver nitrate solution

Answer 2

Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: water bath at 60°C
Change in functional group: halogenoalkane –> alcohol
Nucleophile: water

Question 3

With potassium cyanide

Answer 3

Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: heat under reflux, pH ~8.0
Change in functional group: halogenoalkane –> nitrile
Nucleophile: CN- ion

Question 4

With excess concentrated ethanolic ammonia

Answer 4

Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: leave for a long time or heat in a sealed tube
Change in functional group: halogenoalkane –> primary amine
Nucleophile: ammonia

Question 5

With potassium hydroxide/sodium hydroxide in ethanol

Answer 5

Type of reaction: elimination
Condition: heat under reflux, in ethanol
Change in functional group: halogenoalkane –> alkene