Haloalkanes & Haloarenes Flashcards
Name C(CH3)3 - CH2
Neopentyl
Iodobutane from butanol
HI
Iodobutane from chlorobutane
NaI
Iodobutane from butene
HBr(pero) + KI
Use of ch2cl2
Paint remover, propellant in aerosols, solvent in manufacturing, metal cleaning, harms nervous system, impairs hearing & vision, cause dizziness, nausea, burning of skin, burn the cornea
Chcl3
Solvent for fats, for production of freon refrigerant, general anesthetic in surgery, depresses nervous system, dizziness, fatigue, headache, damage liver(carbonyl chloride known as phosgene) & kidneys
ChI3
Antiseptic, due to smell, I has been replaced by other substances of iodine
Ccl4
Manufacture of refrigeratants, propellants for aerosols, feedstock in the synthesis of coconut, cleaning fluid, spot remover, fire extinguisher, dizziness, nausea, damage to nerve cells, lead to coma, death, irregular heart beat, liver cancer, depletes ozone layer, disruption of immune system
Freons
Cfc of methane & ethane are freons, stable, non toxic, non corrosive, liquifiable gas, propellants, ac purposes, upset ozone balance
Ddt
Insecticide, effect against malaria & lice that carry typhus, high toxicity to fish, stored in fatty tissues
Ethanol to butyne
Socl2 + Ch≡CNa
Propene to nitropropane
Hbr(pero) + AgNO2
Toluene to benzyl alcohol
Cl2(boil) + aq. KOH
Propane to propyne
Br2 + alc KOH
Ethanol to fluroethane
SoCl2 + Hg2F2
Bromomethane to propanone
Alc. KCN + ch3MgOHBr
Butene to but2ene
HBr + alc KOH
Benzene to biphenyl
Br2/Febr3 + 2Na(dry ether)
Ethanol to butyne
So2Cl2 + Ch≡CNa
Benzene to 4bromonitrobenzene
Br2/Febr3 + HNO3/H2SO4
Benzyl alc to 2phenyl ethanoic acid
PCl5 + KCN + 2H2O/H+
Ethanol to propane nitrile
Red P/I2 + KCN
Aniline to chlorobenzene
Diazotisation + CuCl/HCl
2methylpropene to 2chloro2methylpropane
HCl
Ethylchloride to propanoic acid
KCN + 2H2O/H+
Butene to butyliodide
HBr + NaI
2chloropropane to propanol
Alc KOH + HBr(pero) + aq KOH
Wurtz reaction follows
SN2 mechanism
The treatment of alkyl chloride with aq. KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alc. KOH alkenes are major products?
Aq. KOH dissociated into ions, act as strong nucleophiles & produce alcohols. Since hydration of OH ion takes place, they’re not able to abstract H from B-atom
In alc. KOH, ethoxide ion being a strong base, abstract H from B-atom forming alkenes
Why does preparation of aryl iodide require presence of an oxidizing agent?
Rns are reversible
Test to detect prescence of double bond
Bromine water test with CCl4 produce reddish brown color of bromine in alkenes
How can you obtain iodoethane from ethanol with only NaI?
Heat it with NaI in 95% H3PO4
Enhance reactivity of aryl halides?
E withdrawing groups