Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Question 1

malonic acid

Answer 1

cooh-ch2-cooh

Question 2

succinic acid

Answer 2

cooh-ch2-ch2-cooh

Question 3

glutaric acid

Answer 3

cooh-(ch2)3-cooh

Question 4

adipic acid

Answer 4

cooh-(ch2)4-cooh

Question 5

cinnamaldehyde

Answer 5

3-phenylprop-2-enal

Question 6

Acrolein

Answer 6

prop-2-enal

Question 7

phthalic acid

Answer 7

benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

Question 8

isophthalic acid

Answer 8

benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid

Question 9

terephthalic acid

Answer 9

benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid

Question 10

1* alc will give

Answer 10

aldehyde

Question 11

2* alc will give

Answer 11

ketones

Question 12

CH≡CH to CH2=CH3-CHO

Answer 12

H2O with Hg2+,H+(333K)

Question 13

what happens if S is not used as poison for rosenmund reaction?

Answer 13

RCHO will undergoe reduction again & form 1* alc

Question 14

compounds having CH=NH is called

Answer 14

imines

Question 15

CH2-CH2-CN to CH3CH2CHO

Answer 15

SnCl2 + H2O + 2HCl

Question 16

What is DIBAL-H

Answer 16

Diisobutylaluminium hydride

Question 17

Benefit of DIBAL H

Answer 17

If a double bond is present in the compound along with triple bond, the double bond won’t get reduced.

Question 18

Mild oxidising agents eg

Answer 18

CrO2Cl2/aci. KMnO4/alk. KMnO4/ aci. K2Cr2O7

Question 19

benzene to benzophenone

Answer 19

C6H5-COCl (anhy. AlCl3)

Question 20

why is aldehyde more reactive than ketone?

Answer 20

Since e’ releases from the alkyl group reduces carbon’s electrophilicity and steric reasons due to which nucleophile cannot easily attack carbon due to the presence of alkyl groups.

Question 21

Why is OH needed to separate HCN into ions?

Answer 21

Since ions cannot be formed easily

Question 22

CH3CHO to CH3CH(OH)CN

Answer 22

CN

Question 23

Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin

Answer 23

2hydroxypropan nitrile

Question 24

Why is NaHSO3 used with C=O and CHO?

Answer 24

It is used for separation & purification of CHO and CO from non-carbonyl compds

Question 25

CH3COCH3 to CH3C(OCH2)2(CH3)

Answer 25

+ ethylene glycol(CH2OH-CH2OH), H2O is removed

Question 26

Why is HCl used in rns?

Answer 26

Used for protonation to increase electrophilicity of carbon.
Dry HCl helps to remove H2O formed during the rn.

Question 27

What is Borche’s reagent?

Answer 27

2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

Question 28

(R’)2Cd + 2RCOCl

Answer 28

2RCO(R’)2

Question 29

R-C≡CH + Hg+ , H2SO4

Answer 29

R-C(OH)=Ch2 then propanone

Question 30

Schiff’s base

Answer 30

RCHO + R’NH2 -> RCH=NR’

Question 31

Molecule is unstable if

Answer 31

If a carbon has 2 OH groups so 1 H & 1 OH is removed and aldehyde is formed

Question 32

Why is there significant difference in BP of butanal & butanol?

Answer 32

butanol has OH polar bond ehich forms intermolecular H bond

Question 33

Test to distinguish propan-2-one & propan-3-one?

Answer 33

Iodoform test since propan-3-one is not a methyl ketone

Question 34

Benzal chloride to benzaldehyde

Answer 34

Aq. KOH

Question 35

Why are acids more acidic than alcohols or phenols?

Answer 35

Due to resonance, -ve charge is present at the more electro -ve atom so it releases e’s easily.

Question 36

The reaction of ammonia and its derivatives with aldehydes is called:

Answer 36

Nucleophilic addition reaction

Question 37

Reductive alkylation of ammonia by means of an aldehyde in presence of hydrogen as
reducing agents results in formation of:

Answer 37

Mixture of all three amines

Question 38

Why carboxylic acids do not give the reaction of carbonyl groups?

Answer 38

Lone pairs on oxygen atom attached to H in the -COOH group are involved in resonance making the carbon atom less electrophilic.

Question 39

An alkyl group on benzene on oxidation gives?

Answer 39

Benzoic acid