Hallucinogens Flashcards
4 major classes of hallucinogens
- 5-HT hallucinogens
- Methylated amphetamines
- Anticholinergic hallucinogens
- Dissociative anesthetics
Some examples of 5-HT hallucinogens
LSD, psilocybin, mescaline
Which drug is very water soluble and easily crosses the BBB?
LSD
3 routes of admin for LSD
Oral, sublingual, transdermal
Route of admin for psilocybin
Oral, commonly as a tea
2 routes of admin for Mescaline
Oral and inhalation
Effects of psilocybin
Stronger hallucinations than LSD
Mood changes less intense than LSD
At high doses: time distortions, changes in body perception
Common effects of hallucinogens (4)
Sensory disturbances
Altered perceptions
Effects on mood and cognition
Physiological effects
2 main dissociative anesthetics
PCP and ketamine
Which hallucinogen was originally developed as an anesthetic?
PCP
Which hallucinogen resembles a schizophrenic state?
PCP
Symptoms of PCP
Agitation Excitement Delirium Disorientation Hallucinations
Effects of ketamine at high and low doses
Low: hallcinations
High: anesthetic state and amnesia
Dissociative anesthetics are antagonists to which NT?
Glutamate
Which hallucinogen is FDA approved for MDD?
Ketamine
What effects did the ketamine rat show?
Pleasant floating
Respiratory depression at high doses
Uncoordination
High dose rat had zero stability on balance board test
Did not right self well in righting reflex test
Which toad elicits DMT from their pores?
Colorado River Toad
What hallucinogen is present in a small amount in the human brain with an unknown function?
DMT
