CH 9: Alcohol Flashcards
How is alcohol made? AKA what is the formula?
Carbohydrates + yeast = ethanol
3 major classes of alcohol
Beer, distilled spirits, and wines
What is beer made from and what’s its alcohol %?
Grains, 3-8%
What is wine made from and what’s its alcohol %?
Grapes, 10-15%
What kind of product are distilled spirits and what’s its alcohol %?
Fermented, 30-50%
What is proof?
2x the alcohol %. Ex: 50% alcohol = 100 proof
What’s the highest proof?
Everclear, 190
Is alcohol found in nature?
Yes, fermented apples and the marula fruit
What does the rate of alcohol absorption depend on?
-volume -type of alc -rate of consumption -food -gastric metabolism
Where is alcohol metabolized?
Primarily liver, stomach, some by kidney and lungs
At what rate does the liver metabolize alcohol?
0.35oz/hour
What is the metabolic process of alcohol breakdown?
Alcohol -(alc. dehydrogenase)-> acetaldehyde -(acetaldehyde dehydrogenase)-> H20 +CO2+NRG
Why is ALDH so important?
Because acetaldehyde is a carcinogen, if it builds up this can lead to not only hangovers but also cancer
Why does alcohol make us pee?
It’s a diarrhetic
What is antabuse?
A pill that causes acetaldehyde buildup when consuming alcohol. Makes the individual very sick and causes hopefully conditioned taste aversion to help alcoholics steer clear from alc
