Haemostasis

Question 1

Thrombin firbin mesh

Answer 1

thrombin along with Ca2+ (Calcium ions) converts the soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin

Clotting factor 13 whihc is fibrin

Question 2

Phase once prothrombinase is converted

Answer 2

prothrombinase converts to prothombin into thrombin

Question 3

Extrinsic Pathway to prothrombin activator

Answer 3

Activated by tissue trauma, damaged cells release tissue factor into blood

Leads to activation of clotting factor 10, which combines with clotting factor 5 to form prthombinase

Question 4

Intrinsic Pathway to prohtrombin activator

Answer 4

blood comes in contact with exposed collagen fibrres of damaged endothelial cells and damaged platelets

Exposed collagen fibres activate clotting factor 12

Initiating cascade reactions which lead to activation of clotting factor 10

Activated clotting factor 10 with clotting factor 5 produces prothombinase

Question 5

Coagulation

Answer 5

Blood clotting reinforces the platet plug with fibirn threads

Clotting factors (proaugkants) mostly plasma proteins

Question 6

Platelet Plug Formation chemicals

Answer 6

platelets swell and become spiked and release ADP which causes more platelets to stick and release their contents.

Serotonin and thromboxan A2 to enhance vascular spasm and platelet aggregation

Question 7

Platelet Plug Formation

Answer 7

Platelets stick to collagen fibres that are exposed when a vessel is damaged.

Von Willebrand factor helps to stabilise platelet-collagen adhesion

Question 8

Vascular Spasm

Answer 8

Vasoconstriction which can be triggered by smooth mm

Chemicals released by endothelial cells and platelets

Pain reflexes

Question 9

Haemostasis

Answer 9

fast series of reactions for stoppage of bleeding

Question 10

DIsorders of haemostasis

Answer 10

Undesirble clotting- thrombus, thromboembolism

Blood disroders, thrombocytopenia, haemophilia

Question 11

Fibrinolysis

Answer 11

process that removes uneeded clots

When a clot is formed, the plasma protein plasminogen is incorporated into the clot. When plasminogen is activated it becomes plasmin.
Plasmin is a fibrin digesting enzyme
. Therefore, plasmin will dissolve the fibrin which holds a clot together

Fibinolysis begins within two days of a clot forming and extends over a few days until the clot is dissolved

Question 12

Thrombin to fibrin mesh?

Answer 12

thrombin along with Ca2+ (Calcium ions) converts the soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin

Clotting factor 13 which is fibrin stbalizig factor whihc helps fibrin strand to stick together to form a fibrin mesh