Haemolytic Uraemic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 1

what is the triad for HUS?

Answer 1

o Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)
o Acute kidney injury
o Thrombocytopaenia

Question 2

what are the two forms of HUS?

Answer 2

o	Secondary (typical) HUS – preceding diarrhoea associated 
o	Primary (atypical) HUS

Question 3

what are the additional symptoms of TTP?

Answer 3

o Fever

o Fluctuating CNS signs

Question 4

what is the main infectious cause of HUS?

Answer 4

• Escherichia coli O157

Question 5

what drugs cause TTP?

Answer 5

• COCP
• Ciclosporin
• Mitomicin
• 5-fluorouracil

Question 6

epidemiology of HUS?

Answer 6

• Typical HUS often affects YOUNG CHILDREN

Question 7

epidemiology of TTP?

Answer 7

• black african ADULT FEMALES

Question 8

presenting symptoms of HUS?

Answer 8

o	Watery diarrhoea that becomes bloodstained  
o	Malaise  
o	Fatigue  
o	Nausea  
o	Oliguria or anuria 
o	Haematuria 
o	Pallor  
o	Slight jaundice 
o	Bruising

Question 9

which extra signs occur with TTP?

Answer 9

•	CNS Signs 
o	Weakness  
o	Reduced vision  
o	Fits  
o	Reduced consciousness  
 and 
FEVER

Question 10

investigations for HUS and TTP?

Answer 10

•	FBC 
o	Normocytic anaemia  
o	High neutrophils  
o	Very low platelets  
o	Fragmented red blood cells 
•	U&Es 
•	Stool Culture 
•	LFTs