Haemolymphatic Flashcards
Clinical signs associated with haemolymphatic disorders
anemia
enlarged lymph nodes
coagulopathies
oedema
Lymphoid atrophy - pathogenesis and causes
path - progressive loss of lymphocytes leading to shrinkage of lymph nodes
causes -
congenital immunodeficiencies
viral infections
malnutrition/cachexia
aging
radiation and chemo
toxins
feline pancytopenia - pathogenesis and pathophysiology
lack of all lines of haemoatopoeisis
no immunity - secondary infections - death
infectious agents of circulating cells
anaplasma (“tick borne fever”) - cattle, leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets
babesia bovis - cattle, erythrocytes
theileria (“east coast fever”) - cattle, lymphocytes and erythrocytes
ehrlichia - leukocytes
mycoplasma (“feline infectious anemia”) - cats, erythrocytes
cytauxzoon - cats, erythrocytes and macrophages
infectious agents of macrophages
leishmania - cutaneous and visceral forms
histoplasma - fungus, spreads to lymph nodes from lungs
lymphadentitis - chronic and acute infectious agents
acute -
strep equi - strangles
rhodococcus equi
trueperella pyogenes
chronic -
mycobacterium bovis
mycobacterium avium
canine sterile granulomatous lymphadentitis - puppy strangles
tyzzer’s disease - aetiological agent and signs (splenitis)
clostridium pilliformis
multifocal hepatic necrosis, lymph node abscesses
lab rodents
yersiniosis - aetiological agent and signs (splenitis)
yersinia pseudotuberculosis
acute - enteritis, mucosal ulceration
chronic - discrete miliary to caseous lesions in lymph nodes
salmonellosis - aetiological agent and signs (splenitis)
salmonella spp
focal necrosis of liver, spleen and lymphoid tissue
FIV - signs, stages, diagnosis
Acute - lymphomegaly and fever (replication in lymph nodes)
asymptomatic - cyclical lymphomegaly and increased globulins (slow replication)
progressive - immuno compromise, secondary infections, oncogenic
diagnosis - SNAP for antibodies
5x risk lymphoma (intestinal B cell)
FeLV - types, signs and diagnosis
A - immuno suppressive (in most cases)
B - neoplastic transformation and lymphoma (50% cases)
C - non regenerative anemia (1% cases)
diagnosis - SNAP for antigen
60x risk lymphoma (thymic or T cell mediastinal)
congested vs non-congested spleen - causes
congested/bloody -
torsion
barbiturates
acute lymphatic crisis
african swine fever
septicemia - salmonella, anthrax
non-congested/meaty -
neoplasia - lymphoma or mast cell tumour (cats)
chronic IMHA
mycoplasma
chronic inflammation
Anthrax - signs and diagnosis
signs -
pigs - pharyngeal swelling
sudden death
fever
tachycardia and tachypnoea
congested or cyanotic mucosae
haemorrhage
dysentery
abortion
perineal, throat and abdominal wall oedema
blood stained milk
rapid decomposition due to fever
diagnosis - blood smear from ear (rod shaped bacteria)
African Swine Fever - signs
fever
erythema
dyspnoa
vomiting
enlarged friable spleen
lymph nodes haemorrhage
petechial haemorrhage in kidneys
peri renal oedema
pulmonary oedema
gall bladder oedema
chronic - abortion, lameness, pneumonia and wasting
Classical Swine Fever - signs
generalised vasculitis –> haemorrhage, infarction, cyanosis
necrosis in ear tips
splenic infarction
lymph node haemorrhage
mucoal ulcers at ileocecal junction
lymphoid atrophy in lymph nodes and thymus
chronic - weight loss, poor reproductive performance, abortion and weak piglets
