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MD2002 > Haematopoiesis & Anaemia > Flashcards

Haematopoiesis & Anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is haematopoiesis?

A

The formation of blood cells and platelets occurring in the bone marrow

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2
Q

What is the life span of an erythrocyte?

A

120 day half life

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3
Q

What is the life span of a neutrophil?

A

9-10 hours

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4
Q

What is the life span of a platelet?

A

4-5 days

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5
Q

Which is longer lived, a plasma B cell or a memory B cell?

A

Memory B Cell

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6
Q

In which type of bone can red marrow generally be found?

A

Flat bone

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7
Q

What is the main source of haematopoietic stem cells before birth?

A

The liver

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8
Q

What is the main source of haematopoietic stem cells at birth?

A

Long bones

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9
Q

What is the main source of haematopoietic stem cells after birth?

A

Flat bones

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10
Q

What is meant by the term, ‘erythropoiesis’?

A

The formation of RBCs occurring in the bone marrow

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11
Q

List the stages in RBC production from erythroblast to mature RBC.

A

Erythroblast proliferates and matures (including shrinkage) to form reticulocytes, which then lose their nuclei to form erythrocytes/mature RBCs

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12
Q

What type of genetic information is stored in reticulocytes?

A

RNA

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13
Q

What does erythropoietin do and how does it do it?

A

Stimulates manufacture of erythrocytes via fibroblasts producing a glycoprotein hormone in the kidney, which then cooperates with growth factors to develop RBC precursors (erythroblasts –> reticulocytes)

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14
Q

What can a loss in erythropoietin (EPO) cause?

A

Anaemia

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15
Q

What can an excess of erythropoietin (EPO) cause?

A

Polycythaemia (too many RBCs)

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16
Q

Describe the negative feedback loop that involves EPO and haemoglobin (Hb).

A

If Hb decreases (e.g. in anaemia), EPO increases to compensate. However, it is worth noting that in renal insufficiency/failure, EPO cannot be produced

17
Q

List the stages of granulopoiesis.

A

Myeloblast –> Promyeloblast –> Myelocyte –> Metomyelocyte –> Band cell –> Granulocyte

18
Q

How long do the mitotic and post-mitotic stages of granulopoiesis respectively, last?

A
  1. 5 days

6. 5 days

19
Q

How frequent are stem cells in bone marrow (1 in …)?

A

1 in 1000-10000

20
Q

Does red or yellow bone marrow increase with age?

A

Yellow

21
Q

What is the precursor of a platelet?

A

A megakaryocyte

MD2002 (27 decks)

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