Blood Groups Flashcards
When are IgG antibodies mainly expressed?
Foeto-maternal transmission or in response to blood transfusions
When are IgM antibodies mainly expressed?
In response to components in food that mimic A & B antigens
What shape is an antibody and where can the Fab and Fc sites be found?
Y shaped. Fab on the top branches of the Y and Fc on the stalk of the Y
What molecule do the FUT 1 and FUT 2 genes code for?
Histamine
What molecules do the A and B genes code for?
Glucosyl transferases
Name the extra sugar molecules that A antigen and B antigen possess respectively.
A: N-Acetylgalactoseamine
B: Galactose
Which naturally occurring antibodies do people with O antigens possess
Anti-A
Anti-B
Which naturally occurring antibodies do people with A antigens possess
Anti-B
Which naturally occurring antibodies do people with B antigens possess
Anti-A
Which naturally occurring antibodies do people with A & B antigens possess
None
Which antigen is implied as negative in the commonly used phrase, ‘Rhesus Negative’?
D antigen
How can Rhesus D immunisation (particularly problematic during pregnancy), be prevented?
Anti-D prophylaxis - given to D negative mothers at 28 weeks and 40 weeks (delivery)
People with which blood group are know as ‘universal receivers’?
AB
People with which blood group are know as ‘universal donors’?
O
When does a rhesus conflict occur?
Rhesus -ve mother and rhesus +ve father & foetus
