Haematology Chapter 2 Flashcards
Incidence of Hodgkins Lymphoma
2 peaks of incidence - young adults and elderly. male to female 2:1
Pt with enlarged, non-tender, rubbery lymph nodes, typically cervical (60-70%). 25% with B-symptoms
HL
What are lymphomas without reed-sternberg cells called? and which cell derived from most commonly?
NHL, B cells
Diagnosis and management of NHL
Low-grade lymphomas are indolent, often incurable and widely disseminated. –> Radiothx, rituximab, bendamustine
High-grade lymphomas are aggressive but often curable –> R-CHOP regimen -> rituximab, cyclophosphamode, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone
Causes of pancytopenia?
dec. marrow production - aplastic anaemia, inflitration, megaloblastic
peripheral destruction inc. - hypersplenism
When are platelets givem?
Platelets<10, haemorrhage, before invasive procedures
Which disease causes malignant proliferation of a clone derived from one pluripotent marrow cell? Mutation in JAK2.
Polycythemia rubra vera -> excess proliferation
what’s the treatment aim for PRV?
Decrease risk of thrombosis.
What should you be suspicious of in non-remitting bone pain or back pain?
Myeloma - ESR, blood film, electrophoresis
Trauma, fracture
2aries
Osteonecrosis…
Name the types of amyloidosis
AL amyloid (1ary) AA amyloid (2ary) familial.
Which dx does amyloid disposition feature in?
Alzheimer’s, T2DM, haemodialysis related amyloidosis
What precautions need to be taken in asplenic patients?
Immunisations - Pneumococc., H. influ, Men C, Annual flu
Lifelong prophylactic oral antibiotics
patient held cards, bracelets
advice to seek medics in case of infection
urgent hospital admission in case of infection
expanded travel advice
Name an inherited type of thrombophilia
activated protein c resistance/factor V Leiden
prothrombin gene mutation
Protein C&S deficiency
Antithrombin deficiency
Treatment of thrombophilia
Safety netting/precautions; lower threshold for DVT/PE
