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Path Past > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

low platelets, abnormal clotting obvious septic person

A

DIC

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2
Q

Headache seizure abdo pain high bp high bili low haptoglobin high LDH schistocytes low platelets

A

TTP

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3
Q

Massive splenomeg

A

Myelofibrosis

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4
Q

Pelger Huet Cells

A

Myelofibrosis

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5
Q

Recurrent miscarriages

A

Anti-phospholipid Syndrome

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6
Q

Platelets of 150 in pregnant woman

A

Gestation thrombocythaemia. Think something else if less than 100

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7
Q

Someone who is 10w pregnant, sister had DVT last year at age 33, father on long-term anticoagulant

A

Anti-thrombin III deficiency

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8
Q

Smear cells

A

CLL

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9
Q

Auer Rods

A

AML

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10
Q

Kid with cancer

A

ALL

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11
Q

Dry tap on BM aspirate

A

myelofibrosis

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12
Q

High fever after transfusion

A

bacterial contamination

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13
Q

Pregnant woman who is iron deficient and does not want to take iron supplement had a transfusion in her first pregnancy and now she is pregnancy again and has another transfusion. Nurse set up transfusion, 30mins later returns and find her unconscious, cyanosis and faced puffed up

A

IgA deficiency because previous transfusion sensitised her

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14
Q

Patient who had recently been stabbed in LUQ and had been transfused with O negative blood. He lost consciousness or something a few minutes after the transfusion

A

Haemorrhage with splenic haemorrhage due to stab wound

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15
Q

Patient who has had several transfusions in the past now develops abdo pain, haemoglobinuria within 10 mins of starting transfusion

A

ABO Incompatibility

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16
Q

Patient had RTA which required a trasfusion. After few days of transfusion patient comes back jaundiced and slightly anaemic

A

Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction

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17
Q

Patient becomes increasingly short of breath very soon after transfusion O2 sats low

A

TRALI

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18
Q

thalassaemia patient looks tanned and has diabetes

A

Transfusion haemosiderosis

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19
Q

Little old lady, with Hb of 68, complete well, 4 units of blood ordered, frothy pink sputum

A

Fluid overload

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20
Q

Normal INR
AF/DVT Target INR
Recurrent DVT/PE/Prosthetic valve INR

A

0.8-1.2
2-2.5
2.5-3.5

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21
Q

Prosthetic heart valve INR 2.0

A

Increase warfarin

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22
Q

INR 3.5-5

A

Decrease dose

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23
Q

INR 5-8 without bleed

A

Stop and start when in therapeutic range

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24
Q

INR 5-8 with a bleed

A

Stop and give Vit K

25
Q

INR >8 with or without bleed

A

Stop and give Vit K monitor INR

26
Q

INR >8 with major bleed

A

Stop, prothrombin complex given or FFP or recombinant factor 8 with Vit K

27
Q

Monitoring anticoagulant state Pt on aspirin and clopidogrel

A

None needed

28
Q

Monitoring anticoagulant state Pt on warfarin for AF

A

PT

29
Q

Monitoring anticoagulant state Pt taking warfarin after mitral valve insertion

A

PT

30
Q

Monitoring anticoagulant state of Pt on LMWH who was unstable after surgery

A

APTT

31
Q

Monitoring anticoagulant state of Pt on LMWH who had surgery but is stable

A

None needed

32
Q

Fibrinogen levels in liver disease and DIC

A

Low

33
Q

normal Hb with positive sickle solubility test

A

Sickle cell trait

34
Q

Low Hb with positive sickle test

A

Sickle cell disease

35
Q

African man with haemolysis after anti-malarials

A

GPDDD

36
Q

older man with polychromasia and spherocytes TEST

A

Hereditary Spherocytosis, do osmotic fragility test

37
Q

Thalassaemia intermedia test

A

HbA2 levels

38
Q

Autoimmune HA Test

A

Combs Test

39
Q

Temporal Arteritis Blood measurement

A

ESR

40
Q

HIV Measurements to monitor control

A

CD4 levels and viral load

41
Q

Patient has prolonged APTT, normal PT and normal bleeding time

A

Haemophilia A

42
Q

patient has menorrhagia, prolonged APTT, normal PT and prolonged bleeding time. Her mother had similar problems

A

vWD

43
Q

patient has alcoholic liver cirrhosis

A

Vit K def or decreased synthesis of clotting factors

44
Q

Elderly Patient is asymptomatic and has generalised lymphadenopathy, with abnormal bloods

A

CLL

45
Q

Smear Cells

A

CLL

46
Q

CML Management

A

Imatinib TK inhibitor. If not dasanitib

47
Q

EBV causes

A

Infectious mononucleosis

48
Q

Elderly patient presents with MASSIVE splenomegaly with low platelets, red cells and normal white cells

A

Myelofibrosis

49
Q

Patient comes in with DIC and has a leukaemia

A

Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia

50
Q

20% blasts in BM, aeur rods, sudan black stain

A

AML

51
Q

Bone pain, bence jone proteins, high calcium, kidney failure,

A

Multiple Myeloma

52
Q

Patient with back pain, high IgG, plasma cells>20%

A

Multiple Myeloma

53
Q

Patient with no signs or symptoms and just raised IgG

A

MGUS

54
Q

Patient with collapsed vertebrae, no other lytic lesions, normal calcium, no anaemia

A

Osteoporosis

55
Q

Patient with lump on clavicle and you see a lytic lesion on the Xray. There is also a raised IgA but no other lesions/abnormal calium/anaemia. No other symptoms.

A

Solitary Plasmacytoma. If other symptoms present, then multiple myeloma

56
Q

Post Transplant Uncontrolled proliferation of B cells following infection

A

EBV reactivation

57
Q

Cold AIHA

A

IgM antibody, EBV, mycoplasma stuff
Essentially AIHA at lower body temepratures which means there’s probably some kind of trigger for it such as infection, lymphoproliferative disorders or idiopathic

58
Q

Warm AIHA

A

IgG antibody is present and Warm AIHI is associated with, lymphoma, CLL, SLE, Drugs

Path Past (8 decks)

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