HAEMATOLOGY Flashcards
3 blues?
also what is the yellow highlighted?
yellow=reticulocytes
Between regenerative and non-regenerative anaemia, which is inside the bone marrow? Outside?
NR BM
R=outside
Can acute blood loss cause anaemia?
NO: can only cause hypovolaemic shock
name an immunosurpressive drug that cannot be used in cats
Azathioprine
Hagman trait means that cats are missing factor XII, and therefore you cannot trust which number in bloodwork?
APPT
What cat breed is predisposed to a deficiency in factor I
maine coon
A lack on Anti-thrombin III puts an animal at the risk of _________
clotting
Which coagulation factors are PIVKA? (protiens induced by vitamin K?). this can be due to rodenticide toxicity
2,7,9,10
4 hallmarks of DIC
thrombocytopenia
prolonged PT/APPT
low fibrinogen
schistocytes on blood smear
taking NSAIDS can cause which bloood disorder?
thrombocytopathia
what are the 3 types of von willebrand disease?
which one has variable severity (as opposed to severe)?
name 2 breeds predisposed to each
What is the diagnosis of rodenticide toxicity?
prolonged PT & APTT
access, clinical presentation, response to therapy
What is the treatment of rodenticide toxicity?
vitamin K1
What tests the intrinsic pathway?
What tests the extrinsic pathway?
intrinsic: APTT
extrinsic: PT
What are the clotting factors for the intrinsic pathway?
Extrinsic pathway?
Common pathway?
intrinsic : 12,11,9,8
ext: 7
common: 10,5,2
What are 5 substances produced by platelets during primary haemostasis that help the release reaction and aggregate other platelets?
PF3
ADP
TXA2
serotonin
adrenaline
IS vWF relevant in primary or secondary haemostasis?
primary
What is the BMBT test?
It should only be done when platelet count is what?
What is the reference range for it?
buccal mucosa bleeding time
when platelets >50x10^8/l
bleeding should stop in 2-4 minutes
What number of platelets indicates spontaneous bleeding?
<50x10^9
reticulocyte count of less than what number indicates non-regen anaemia?
0.02%
50x10^9
What are 3 causes of low B12
pancreatitis
hyperthyroidism
terminal ileum disease
rodenticide toxicity would need supplementation of what?
why?
vit K
becasue it affects vit K dependant coag factors
what test can specifically determine function of vit K depending coag factors?
PIVKA
what is the most common cause of defective primary haemostasis
thrombocytopaenia
wat type of dogs ar epredisposed to IMHA?
and what breed?
middle aged female
springer spaniels
what are the two most important anticoagulation proten
antirhombin III
and protien C
Patients with defective primary haemostasis present with what kind of bleeds?
Patients with defective secondary haemostasis present with what kind of bleeds?
(2 things for each)
primary: petechial and prolonged
secondary: large and re-bleeds
If platelet numbers are sufficient, what test can be used to test platelet function?
BMBT, buccal mucosa bleeding time
Secodnary haemostasis can be testing using which 3 indicators on bloodwork?
ACT
PT
APTT
D-dimer tests detect what
fibrin degredation products (FDPs)
What drug could be used to treat mild cases of vWD or haemophilia A?
desmopressin
haemophillia A affects what group of animals?
it is a deficiency in what factor?
males only
factor 8
what blood results would you see in a case of DIC?
prolonged BMBT, ACT, PT, APTT
decreased fibrinogen
elevated FDP
thrombocytopenia
