Haematology Flashcards
what are the features of rhesus cross matching transfusion reaction
back pain, dyspnoea and cv collapse
what haematological disorder is associated with bcr abl gene?
chronic myeloid leukaemia (also ALL)
what is typical of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinria
brown urine and dipstick positive for blood but then no red cells on microscopsy
What is the pathophysiology in methaemoglobinaemia
oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+
what chromosomal abnormalities is associated with a poor prognosis in AML
chromosome 7
should a lump suspicious for a lymphoma be excision biopsied or fine needle biopsied?
excision
if a blood sample is contaminated with heparin what will be rasied?
aptt
what finding is there after a splenectomy on blood film
howell jolly bodies
Where do you see heinz bodies
g6pd deficiency
where are auer rods seen
blast cells in aml
what is the worst category of hodgkin’s
lymphocyte deplete hodkin’s
what haematological conditions result in gout
myeloproliferative disorders eg polycythaemia vera
what is underlying cause of haemolysis in G6PD deficiency
reduced levels of NADPH
how is g6pd inherited
x linked
In which condition is philadelphia chromosome a poor prognosis
ALL (always found in CML)
which paraprotein is increased in waldestrom’s macroglbulinaemia
IgM paraprotein
what abnormality does cyclosporin toxicity cause
renal dysfunction
What is the drug for heparin reversal
protamine sulphate
what is the drug for the reversal of warfarin
prothrombin complex concentrate (in acute), less acute is vitamin K
what should be used to reverse systemic effects alteplase?
TXA
When does sideroblastic anaemia occur (rings of iron around nuclei of developing erythrocytes)
lead poisoining, myelodysplastic syndroe
what is mycosis fungoides
cutaneous t cell lymphoma
What clotting disorder has been described in nephrotic syndrome
protein S deficiency
Why do we use irradiated blood products
inactivates donor lymphocytes
