HadPop - Lecture 7 Flashcards
What are the two types of epidemiological study deigns that you have?
1) Observational
2) Experimental
For analytical studies, what type of trials do you do?
- Cohort
- Case controlled
What is an observational study?
The investigator observes the relationship between the outcome and the exposure.
What is an experimental study?
The investigator assigns a exposure too monitor and test they’re hypothesis.
What is a clinical trial?
Any research method that assigns humans participants to health related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes.
For a clinical trail to be valid, it must be?
- Fair
- Controlled
- Reproducible
In a RCT, how can you make sure the correct population is chosen?
- Define and inclusion and exclusion criteria
- Use appreciate sampling methods to invite participants too attend
What do randomised placebo controlled blinded clinical trails have?
High internal validity
What is blinding?
Preventing the person in the study from knowing which treatment they are receiving.
Who can be blinded?
- Participant
- clinicians carry out treatment
- research team
What does randomisation in a RCT mean?
Any differences are normally due to the treatment alone.
Randomisation limits what types of bias?
- Allocation bias
What is allocation concealment?
The person distributing the treatment doesn’t know what the next treatment would be.
When can blinding be difficult?
- Surgical treatment
- Lifestyle intervention
What is the placebo affect?
Even by giving the patient a placebo, although it may not benefit there medical health, it may improve their attitude by knowing something is being done about it.
