Habitat Selection

Question 1

Why is understanding habitat selection important? (11)

Answer 1

1. Comfort zone
2. Source of food and water
3. Reproduction
4. Refuge from predators
   5.establish socialization with other species
5. Avoidance of competition
6. Maintain ecological niche
   8.develops individual animal’s exploratory behaviors
7. Establish groups/individual space requirements
   10.maintains survivality/evolution and avoid extinctions
8. Forecasting of store events

Question 2

2 general types of spacing of animals

Answer 2

Individual space
Home range and territory

Question 3

Static area used by the animal

Answer 3

Home range and territory

Question 4

Reactions to intrusions (4)

Answer 4

Startle
Alarm
Fight or flight
Vocalization

Question 5

Behavior involving threat, attack, or defense

Answer 5

Agonist behavior

Question 6

Behavior involving threat, attack, or defense

Answer 6

Agonist behavior

Question 7

types of space (3)

Answer 7

Home range
Territory
Individual space

Question 8

Area that the animal learns thoroughly and that it habitually uses

Answer 8

Home range

Question 9

Area of heaviest regular use within the home range. Generally includes resting areas

Answer 9

Core area

Question 10

Area that is defended by fighting or by demarcation, which other individuals detect so that the mark or other signal is a deterrent to entry

Answer 10

Territory

Question 11

It need not be permanent, but would often provide for requirements of nutrition, shelter, resting, watering, exercise, evacuation, periodic movement and defensive shifting

Answer 11

Territory

Question 12

Spatial features: (5)

Answer 12

Edge of a river, lake, or wood
Series of caves
Open space where no predator could approach
Marshy area
Refuge tree

Question 13

2 spatial needs

Answer 13

Quantitative
Qualitative

Question 14

Relate to space occupation, Social distance, flight distance, and actual territory

Answer 14

Quantitative

Question 15

5 basic needs of animals

Answer 15

Air
Water
Food
Shelter
Space

Question 16

Relate to space-dependent activities such as eating, body care, exploration, kinetics, and social behavior

Answer 16

Qualitative

Question 17

Groups of individuals whose movements are restricted by the physical presence of others

Answer 17

Crowding

Question 18

Intrusion into individual space may result in an aggressive response or an avoidance reaction

Question 19

The individual moves with it

Answer 19

Individual space

Question 20

Static area used by the animal

Answer 20

Home range and territory

Question 21

Most animals actively preserve a minimum distance from themselves and attempt to prevent others from entering this place

Answer 21

Individual space

Question 22

The minimum distance within which approach elicits attack or avoidance

Answer 22

Individual distance

Question 23

If a high social density causes adverse effects on the fitness of individuals

Answer 23

Overcrowding