H6

Question 1

what is air pressure dependent on?

Answer 1

1. temp

2. moisture content (vochtgehalte)

Question 2

does warm air rise or fall?

Answer 2

rises, cold air falls

Question 3

does moist air rise or fall?

Answer 3

rises, dry air falls

Question 4

what does lower density of air mean?

Answer 4

lower density of air through increase in moisture content or temp causes low wind pressure and, with wind, high air pressure

Question 5

what does higher density of air mean?

Answer 5

higher density of air through decrease in moisture content or temp causes high air pressure

Question 6

convergence low pressure zone in the arctic

Answer 6

causes sinking air which leads to high pressure zone divergence

Question 7

low air pressure in the arctic

Answer 7

low air pressure leads to, with wind, high air pressure

Question 8

divergence high pressure zone in the tropics

Answer 8

divergence high pressure zone leads to low pressure zone convergence

Question 9

high air pressure in the tropics

Answer 9

high air pressure leads to, with wind, low air pressure

Question 10

what determines how strong wind is?

Answer 10

difference in air pressure. how larger the difference in air pressure and the distance between the areas determines how strong the wind is. however, earth rotating has an effect

Question 11

coriolis deflection (afbuiging)

Answer 11

deflection from, for example, air currents occurs through disparity of the rotational speed of the earth (difference from equator to the poles)

Question 12

deflection northern hemisphere

Answer 12

deflection to the right in the direction of travel in the northern hemisphere

Question 13

deflection southern hemisphere

Answer 13

deflection to the left in the direction of travel in the southern hemisphere

Question 14

3 convection cells (circulatiecellen)

Answer 14

1. hadley cell
2. ferrel cell
3. polar cell

Question 15

hadley cell

Answer 15

up to 30 degrees

Question 16

ferrel cell

Answer 16

from 30-50 degrees

Question 17

polar cell

Answer 17

from 50-90 degrees

Question 18

how do the westerlies, easterlies and trade winds flow?

Answer 18

1. hot, moist air rises by the equator
2. it flows to the south, but bends down
3. it cools off around 30 degrees south latitude, so much that a high pressure area forms
4. this air flows back via land to the equator where it warms up again.

however, now all air returns to the equator. and some air flows to the poles until they reach a polar front

Question 19

where does the ferrel cell sit?

Answer 19

between the hadley and polar cell

Question 20

2 types of ocean currents

Answer 20

1. surface currents, determined by the wind

2. deep water currents, determined by temp

Question 21

how is a gyre created?

Answer 21

1. western ocean currents in northern hemisphere
2. eastern ocean currents in southern hemisphere
3. coriolis effect on water (ekman transport)
4. deflection of ocean currents from the continents

Question 22

ekman spiral

Answer 22

with depth, wind influence decreases. with depth, current speed and direction decreases (creates a spiral effect)

Question 23

ekman transport

Answer 23

net transport of water through influence of the wind. the end result is that most water will flow perpendicular to the wind. it can account for downwelling and upwelling

Question 24

geostrophic current

Answer 24

currents that are the result of a balance between the pressure gradient and the coriolis deflection

Question 25

in the northern hemisphere how does the geostrophic current flow?

Answer 25

clockwise

Question 26

what pattern are gyres always found in?

Answer 26

asymmetric. On the western side the current is narrow, deep and strong. on the eastern side the current is broad, surface and weak

Question 27

75% of sea water has what temperature and what salinity?

Answer 27

0-5 degrees C and between 34-35% salinity