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RESERVE > H & S > Flashcards

H & S Flashcards

1
Q

What is the health and safety at work act 1974?

A

the primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety in Great Britain.

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2
Q

What does health and safety at work act 1974 enforce?

A
  • The provision of information, instruction, training and supervision.
  • Arrangements for ensuring safe use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances. -
  • Providing a safe working environment with safe access and egress.
  • Providing safe and adequate welfare facilities.
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3
Q

What are CDM regulations?

A

Construction design and management regs 2015

CDM aims to improve health and safety in the industry by helping you to: sensibly plan the work so the risks involved are managed from start to finish.

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4
Q

What role does the principal contractor take in CDM?

A

The principal contractor must: plan, manage, monitor and coordinate the entire construction phase. take account of the health and safety risks to everyone affected by the work (including members of the public), in planning and managing the measures needed to control them.

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5
Q

What role does the principal designer take in CDM?

A

Principal designers must: plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the pre-construction phase. In doing so they must take account of relevant information (such as an existing health and safety file) that might affect design work carried out both before and after the construction phase has started.

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6
Q

What role does the client take in CDM?

A

The client has overall responsibility for the successful management of the project and is supported by the principal designer and principal contractor in different phases of the project.

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7
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

a careful examination of what, in your work, could cause harm to people, so that you can weigh up whether you have taken enough precautions or should do more to prevent harm

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8
Q

What are RAMS?

A

Risk and methods statement

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9
Q

What process is taken when reviewing RAMS?

A

Checking:

  • The full details of the tasks to be completed
  • A formal risk assessment for the specific job and/or project
  • Clear identification of the area(s) in which the job/project will be undertaken
  • Clear identification of the supervisory responsibilities for the job/project
  • A list of all plant and equipment to be used (detailing power sources and authorised users)
  • Full details of any permit to work system to be implemented
  • Clear statement of identified hazards and the controls in place, including; hazardous substances, noise exposure, electrical hazards, interaction with other contractor’s activities and protection of the public, emergency plans, first aid provision any other hazards created by the job or present on site
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10
Q

What was involved in the H&S audit?

A

Reviewing all activities on site and checking that the correct documentation is in place for all activities

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11
Q

What were your considerations in proposing the safer method of work for the kingpost wall system?

A

Due to the proposed cut and fill excercise it was clear it would be unsafe to proceed as it would require men working under the angle of repose of the structure above
The king post wall system did not require the cut and fill and therefore was a safer activity with the right precautions

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12
Q

What is the HSE?

A

HSE’s mission is to prevent death, injury and ill-health in Great Britain’s workplaces - by becoming part of the solution
- The Health & Safety Executive is the national independent watchdog for work-related health, safety & illness. It acts in the public interest to reduce work-related death & serious injury across Great Britain’s workplaces.

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13
Q

Define what service the HSE provides to improve safety.

A
  • The HSE is there to protect people’s health & safety by ensuring risks in the changing workplace are properly controlled.
  • The HSE helps businesses adapt to changes in occupational healthy & safety law & practice
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14
Q

What is a Construction Phase Healthy & Safety Plan (CPH&SP)?

A
  • Developed during the construction phase by the contractor, the purpose is to demonstrate how the building will be built from a safety perspective.
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15
Q

What is COSHH and what are it’s key principles?

A
  • Control of Substances Hazard to Health requires employers to prevent or reduce workers’ exposure to substances including:
  • Chemicals
  • Fumes, gases, vapours & mists (paint, clue, welding, cleaning agents)
  • Dusts (asbestos, silica)
  • Biological agents & germs
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16
Q

What is corporate manslaughter?

A
  • An organisation is guilty of corporate manslaughter if the way in which its activities are managed or organised causes a persons death & if this amounts to a gross breach of a relevant duty of care owed by the organisation to the deceased.
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17
Q

What is the Considerate Constructor’s Scheme?

A
  • It’s a not-for-profit independent organisation founded in 1997 to improve the image of the industry. It encourages contractors & their supply chain to implement best practice.
  • Aims to promote construction
  • Aims to deliver the best practice in terms of site operations (cleanliness of site etc)
  • Delivering standards & benefitting the surrounding neighbourhood & community
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18
Q

What are the 5 main assessment categories within the Consideration Constructors Scheme?

A
  • Care about appearance
  • Respect the community
  • Protect the environment
  • Care about safety
  • Value their workforce
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19
Q

What is the biggest cause of long-term health issues in the construction industry?

A
  • Breathing in hazardous dusts & fumes
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20
Q

Historically, which type of accident kills the most construction workers?

A
  • Falls from height
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21
Q

What is the minimum height of the main guard rail of scaffolding?

A
  • 950mm
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22
Q

What does the beaufort scale measure?

A
  • wind speed
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23
Q

When are visitors or workers more likely to have an accident on a construction site?

A
  • When they first visit / start on a new site
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24
Q

What is a CSCS card?

A
  • Construction skills certification scheme
  • Provides proof that individuals working on construction sites have the appropriate training & qualifications for the job they do
  • By ensuring the workforce are appropriately qualified, the card plays its part in improving standards & safety on UK construction sites
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25
Q

What is a prohibition notice?

A
  • Issued by the HSE, it is a warning to stop work immediately as there is an imminent threat of injury or death.
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26
Q

What is an improvement notice?

A
  • Issued by the HSE to help rectify health & safety failings. Gives the site a chance to correct what you’re doing wrong.
27
Q

What does RAMS stand for?

A
  • Risk assessment and method statement
28
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A
  • Identifying a hazard, measuring the risk & identifying the method of reducing the risk.
29
Q

What is a method statement?

A
  • A statement / methodology which details the way work will be completed. The method statement should outline hazards involved & include a step-by-step guide on how to execute safely.
30
Q

What regulations are applicable to asebstos?

A
  • Control of Asbestos Regulation 2012
31
Q

What are the 3 most common types of asbestos?

A
  • Crocidolite - straight blue fibres - considered the most lethal form
  • Amosite - brown asbestos - second most common asbestos type, and the second deadliest
  • Chrysotile - known for long curly, fibres - most common type of asbestos used in industrial & commercial applications - usually white in colour
32
Q

What are the different types of asbestos surveys available?

A
  • Asbestos Management Survey - to manage asbestos containing materials (ACMs) during the normal occupation & use of the premises
  • Refurbishment / Demolition Survey (R&D) - required where the premises, or part of it, needs upgrading, refurbishment or demolition
33
Q

Where is asbestos commonly found in buildings?

A
  • cement gutters & downpipes
  • corrugated roofs
  • floor & ceiling tiles
  • insulated boards
  • lagging
  • textiles
  • soffits
34
Q

What is an asbestos management plan?

A
  • A crucial document designed to register & detail how asbestos will be managed in a property & what activities will be engaged to ensure people remain safe
35
Q

What should an asbestos management plan include?

A
  • the party responsible for managing asbestos
  • the asbestos register identifying type & location etc
  • plans for work on asbestos material
  • the schedule for monitoring the materials’ condition
  • telling people about your decisons
36
Q

How can asbestos be managed on site?

A
  • Remove - eliminate the risk
  • Encapsulate - process of applying a protective layer onto the ACM which will contain asbestos fibres - & protect from damage
  • Manage - set up an asbestos management plan
37
Q

What are the main health hazards when somebody is exposed to asbestos?

A
  • Asbestosis - a chronic lung disease that can cause shortness of breath, coughing & permanent lung damage
  • Lung cancer
  • Mesothelioma - a cancer of the thin membranes that line the chest & abdomen
38
Q

When is an employer required to have a written H&S policy in the UK?

A
  • When they employ more than 5 people
39
Q

What is the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974?

A
  • Sets out general duties which employers have towards employees & members of the public, & employees have to themselves & each other
  • These duties are qualifies in the Act by the principles of ‘so far as reasonably practicable’
  • Main requirement on employers is to carry out a risk assessment. Employers with 5 or more employees need to record the significant findings of the risk assessment
40
Q

What is RIDDOR?

A
  • Reporting of Incidents Diseases & Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
  • Puts duties on employers, the self-employed & people in control of work premises (AKA the responsible person) to report certain serious workplace accidents, occupational diseases & specified dangerous occurrences.
41
Q

What is the Lifting Operations Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1999?

A
  • place duties on people & companies who own, operate & have control over lifting equipment
  • includes all businesses & organisations whose employees use lifting equipment
42
Q

What is the Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005?

A
  • These require employers to protect their employees from excessive levels of noise that could cause hearing damage.
43
Q

Does the RICS publish any information on how to excavate your role safely?

A
  • Surveying Safely Guidance Note 2019
  • Sets out basic good practice principles for the management of H&S for RICS-regulated firms & RICS members.
  • Sets out principles for those engaged in the built environment as property professionals & includes H&S responsibilities
44
Q

What is the concept of a ‘safe person’, as outlined in RICS Surveying Safely?

A
  • Each individual assumes individual behavioural responsibility for their own, their colleagues & others H&S whilst at work
45
Q

What are the key points of CDM Regulations 2015?

A
  • to ensure clients, designers, contractors & others consider the H&S of those constructing, maintaining & demolishing the works
  • Places statutory duties on clients, principal designer, designers & contractors to plan, manage & co-ordinate H&S throughout projects
  • Improves safety on site through design, planning & management
46
Q

Who are the key duty holders under CDM 2015?

A
  • Client
  • Principal Designer
  • Principal Contractor
  • Designers
  • Contractors
  • Workers
47
Q

What is an F10?

A
  • Form which is sent to the HSE to notify them of a relevant construction project
  • it’s the clients responsibility to issue, however it’s often delegated to the principal designer or H&S advisor
48
Q

When is a project notifiable to the HSE under CDM Regulations?

A

If the project is expected to:
- lasts longer than 30 working days, or have more than 20 workers working at the same time at any point on the project or,
- exceed 500 person days

49
Q

What is pre-construction information, under CDM?

A
  • plays a vital role in the tender documentation, enables prospective contractors to be fully aware of the project’s H&S and welfare requirements
  • this will allow prospective contractors to have a level playing field as far as H&S is concerned on which to provide tender submissions
  • during development, the PCI can provide focus at which H&S considerations of the designers are brought together under the control of the principal designer
50
Q

What is included within the pre-construction (PCI) document?

A
  • description of works
  • client considerations & management requirements
  • environmental restrictions & existing site risks
  • significant design & construction hazards
  • H&S file
51
Q

What is the H&S File, under CDM?

A
  • prepared & issued promptly following completion of works
  • contains information needed during future construction works
  • The PD ensures the file is prepared, reviewed & amended as necessary & issued to the client
52
Q

What should the H&S File (under CDM) include?

A
  • a brief description of the work carried out
  • any hazards associated with the materials
  • information regarding the removal or dismantling of installed plant & equipment
  • nature, location & markings of significant services
  • residual hazards & how they’ve been dealt with
53
Q

When you last visited site, what considerations did you give to your own health & safety?

A
  • risk assessment
  • ensure I have the correct PPE
  • ensure my line manager knows where I am
  • attending site inductions & adhering to the contractors site rules
  • ensuring that H&S was discussed at meetings
  • reporting any issues to site management
54
Q

What do you do to ensure your safety when leaving the office to attend meetings?

A
  • Advise my manager where I am going & who I am meeting & at what time
  • I ensure my shared calendar is up to date for my line manager & colleagues to see
  • Make sure the site manager is aware of the visit
  • Check to ensure I have the correct PPE
55
Q

Typically, what PPE do you ensure you have to go on site?

A
  • Hard hard with chin strap
  • Gloves
  • Hi-vis vest
  • Steel toecap boots with protective sole
56
Q

What would you do if you found an injured person on site?

A
  • Assess the situation & not put myself in danger
  • Raise the alarm & call for help
57
Q

When would you use an automated external defibrillator (AED)?

A
  • AED’s can save the life of someone having sudden cardiac arrest when the heart suddenly & unexpectedly stops beating
58
Q

You attended a H&S audit - how was this carried out?

A

Firstly, we reviewed the following items in line with the CDM Regulations
- Health & Safety File
- HSE F10 Notification
- General H&S display information
- First Aid Requirements
- Display of Site Rules
- Site Induction Records
- Access to Site
- Welfare Requirements
- Provision of Risk / Method Statements
- Consultations with Site Operatives
- Accident Book

59
Q

We then walked around the site and noted the following H&S concerns:

A
  • One scaffold was not bearing onto a hardstanding which could destabilise the structure
  • Noted areas which should either have a scaffold hatch or be netted
  • Trailing power leads
  • Combustible waste was stored not in designated area
  • Fire extinguishers were grouped together on site, these should be better distributed to give better access to them in an emergency
60
Q

During your visit you were notified of hot works - what do you know about hot works in terms of health & safety?

A
  • Any works involving open flames or producing heat or sparks require a hot works permit prepared by a competent person
  • When issuing a permit, alternatives should be considered & hot works should always be the last resort to minimise risk
  • Those carrying out hot work or attending in close proximity should wear at a minimum eye, face & hand protection
61
Q

When you carried out the health & safety review of the office, how did you approach this?

A
  • Ensured notice boards and signage were clear & tidy, displaying the appropriate H&S information
  • Checked the state of the floor
  • Assessed office equipment & furniture in terms of warn / badly designed chairs, any sharp edges, poor ergonomics & crowding
  • Basic assessment of the air exchange
  • Checked storage in terms of PPE, other clothing & paperwork was safe
  • Checked measures in place to prevent the spread of disease
  • Lighting
  • Security & emergency evacuation plans
62
Q

What issues did you encounter during your H&S review of your new office?

A

Electrical leads on unorganised on floor
- air conditioning unit is not working

63
Q

What was covered within your site induction?

A
  • evacuation procedures
  • PPE requirements
  • Scaffolding
  • house keeping
  • site specific rules
  • general site rules

RESERVE (20 decks)

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