H&P Midterm MSK UE Flashcards
What are the types of synovial joints?
Spheroidal (ball and socket) (shoulder/hip)
Hinge (IP joints, elbow)
Condylar (Knee, TMJ)
What are the types of joints?
Synovial
Cartilaginous (intervertebral joints)
Fibrous (skull sutures)
What is a bursa?
Sac filled with synovial fluid, providing smooth movement of muscles and tendons over other MSK structures.
What defines acute and chronic MSK?
Acute is < 6 weeks.
What is myalgia vs arthralgia?
Myalgia is muscle pain
Arthralgia is joint pain
What are some associated symptoms with MSK?
Stiffness
Decreased ROM
Cracking/popping (crepitus)
Locking
“Giving out”
Inflammation
How is muscle strength graded?
0-5.
0 is no contraction.
5 is normal strength.
What do I palpate for TMJ?
TMJ
Masseters
Pterygoids
Temporal
What does a shoulder exam check?
Height of shoulder, scapula, and clavicle bilaterally.
Symmetry
Swelling
Bony deformities
Muscle atrophy
Fasciculations
Scars
Skin color change
Swelling of joint capsule anterior
Bulge in subacromial bursa under deltoid
What does the apley scratch test check?
Adduction and internal rotation (bottom scratch)
Abduction and external rotation (top scratch)
What are the nerve impingement tests for the shoulder?
Hawkins-kennedy (arm like a hawk will land on it)
Neer (near to the ear, arm straight up)
Rotator cuff tear
What is the empty can/jobe test?
Pouring out a can vs resistance.
Supraspinatus/infraspinatus tear/tendonitis.
What is the drop arm test?
Patient lifts arm up and drops it steadily.
+ is pain between 60-120 deg.
What is the crossover test?
Adduction of arm across chest.
+ is pain in AC joint, inflammation/arthritis
What is the sulcus sign?
Arm at rest on side, pull arm down.
+ is a depression in front of acromion, inferior glenohumeral instability.
