H-L Flashcards
HAVERSIAN CANAL
channels in bone that contain blood vessels and nerves.
aka central canal
HAIR FOLLICLES
tubes arising from the dermis surrounded by invaginations of epithelial tissue, from where hair growth occurs
HEART
muscular organs that pumps blood throughout the body
HELPER T-CELLS
type of lymphocyte that secretes interleukins, a protein that triggers the action of other cells, including the attack of foreign cells by the cytotoxic T cells
HEMOGLOBIN
protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
HETEROZYGOUS
state of carrying different alleles of a gene
ex) Aa
HINGE JOINT
joint that allows flexion and extension of the more distal bone along only one plane
HISTAMINE
a white blood cell secretion that triggers capillary permeability and vasodilatation
HOMOZYGOUS
the state of carrying a pair of identical alleles of a gene
ex) AA or aa
HORMONE
chemical messenger produced by a gland and transported by the bloodstream that regulates specific processes in the body
HYALINE CARTILAGE
type of connective tissue that protects bone in articulating joints
HYDROLYSIS REACTION
checm rxn in which water molecule cleaves a covalent bond to form two products
HYPERTHYROIDISM
malfunction of regulatory feedback loops leading to overproduction of thyroid hormone
HYPOTHALAMUS
a location in the brain that is an integration center between the endocrine and nervous system
IMMUNOGLOBIN
an antibody
INFLAMMATION
resulting redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the area of defense by innate immunity
INHERITANCE
transmission of characteristics to offsprings
INHIBITING HORMONES
chemical messengers that restrict the production of certain hormones
INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
collection of nonspecific barriers and cellular responses that serve as an inborn first and second line of defense against pathogens
INSULIN
hormone that triggers the influx of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
organ system comprised of skin and associated organs
INTERFERONS
proteins secreted by leukocytes when they are infected with viruses
INVOLUNTARY
without intentional control
IRREGULAR BONES
bones that do not fit into the three bone shape categories.
not flat bone, long bone, short bone
KERATIN
tough protein made by epithelial keratinocytes
KIDNEYS
pair of organs that regulated fluid balance and filter waste from the blood
LACUNAE
microscopic pits in bones that contain osteocytes and connect to each other within an osteon by the way of canaliculi
LAMELLAE
layers of bone, tissue, or cell walls
LARGE INTESTINES
comprised of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.
where vitamins and water are absorbed before feces is stored prior to elimination
LENGTH
measurement of distance from end to end
LEUKOCYTE
white blood cells, which protect the body against disease
LIGAMENTS
tough connective tissue that attaches bone to bone
LIPIDS
white blood cells, which protect the body against disease
LIVER
organ that produces bile, regulates glycogen storage, and performs other bodily functions
LONG BONES
bones that have a pronounced longitudinal axis
LUTEINIZING HORMONE
secreted by the ANTERIOR PITUITARY that is responsible for triggering ovulation in ovaries and the production of testosterone in testes
LYMPH
clear fluid that moves throughout the lymphatic system to fight diease
LYMPHOCYTE
category of white blood cells that include natural killer cells, B cells, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T cells
