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TEAS - SCIENCE > H-L > Flashcards

H-L Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

HAVERSIAN CANAL

A

channels in bone that contain blood vessels and nerves.

aka central canal

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2
Q

HAIR FOLLICLES

A

tubes arising from the dermis surrounded by invaginations of epithelial tissue, from where hair growth occurs

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3
Q

HEART

A

muscular organs that pumps blood throughout the body

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4
Q

HELPER T-CELLS

A

type of lymphocyte that secretes interleukins, a protein that triggers the action of other cells, including the attack of foreign cells by the cytotoxic T cells

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5
Q

HEMOGLOBIN

A

protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

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6
Q

HETEROZYGOUS

A

state of carrying different alleles of a gene

ex) Aa

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7
Q

HINGE JOINT

A

joint that allows flexion and extension of the more distal bone along only one plane

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8
Q

HISTAMINE

A

a white blood cell secretion that triggers capillary permeability and vasodilatation

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9
Q

HOMOZYGOUS

A

the state of carrying a pair of identical alleles of a gene

ex) AA or aa

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10
Q

HORMONE

A

chemical messenger produced by a gland and transported by the bloodstream that regulates specific processes in the body

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11
Q

HYALINE CARTILAGE

A

type of connective tissue that protects bone in articulating joints

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12
Q

HYDROLYSIS REACTION

A

checm rxn in which water molecule cleaves a covalent bond to form two products

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13
Q

HYPERTHYROIDISM

A

malfunction of regulatory feedback loops leading to overproduction of thyroid hormone

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14
Q

HYPOTHALAMUS

A

a location in the brain that is an integration center between the endocrine and nervous system

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15
Q

IMMUNOGLOBIN

A

an antibody

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16
Q

INFLAMMATION

A

resulting redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the area of defense by innate immunity

17
Q

INHERITANCE

A

transmission of characteristics to offsprings

18
Q

INHIBITING HORMONES

A

chemical messengers that restrict the production of certain hormones

19
Q

INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM

A

collection of nonspecific barriers and cellular responses that serve as an inborn first and second line of defense against pathogens

20
Q

INSULIN

A

hormone that triggers the influx of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels

21
Q

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A

organ system comprised of skin and associated organs

22
Q

INTERFERONS

A

proteins secreted by leukocytes when they are infected with viruses

23
Q

INVOLUNTARY

A

without intentional control

24
Q

IRREGULAR BONES

A

bones that do not fit into the three bone shape categories.

not flat bone, long bone, short bone

25
Q

KERATIN

A

tough protein made by epithelial keratinocytes

26
Q

KIDNEYS

A

pair of organs that regulated fluid balance and filter waste from the blood

27
Q

LACUNAE

A

microscopic pits in bones that contain osteocytes and connect to each other within an osteon by the way of canaliculi

28
Q

LAMELLAE

A

layers of bone, tissue, or cell walls

29
Q

LARGE INTESTINES

A

comprised of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.

where vitamins and water are absorbed before feces is stored prior to elimination

30
Q

LENGTH

A

measurement of distance from end to end

31
Q

LEUKOCYTE

A

white blood cells, which protect the body against disease

32
Q

LIGAMENTS

A

tough connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

33
Q

LIPIDS

A

white blood cells, which protect the body against disease

34
Q

LIVER

A

organ that produces bile, regulates glycogen storage, and performs other bodily functions

35
Q

LONG BONES

A

bones that have a pronounced longitudinal axis

36
Q

LUTEINIZING HORMONE

A

secreted by the ANTERIOR PITUITARY that is responsible for triggering ovulation in ovaries and the production of testosterone in testes

37
Q

LYMPH

A

clear fluid that moves throughout the lymphatic system to fight diease

38
Q

LYMPHOCYTE

A

category of white blood cells that include natural killer cells, B cells, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T cells

TEAS - SCIENCE (11 decks)

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